DNA sequence information has increasingly been used in ecological research on microbial eukaryotes. Sequence-based approaches have included studies of the total diversity of selected ecosystems, studies of the autecology of ecologically relevant species, and identification and enumeration of species of interest for human health. It is still uncommon, however, to delineate protistan species base...

In the debate about tree species suited to cope with ongoing global changes, Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is frequently discussed as a potentially future-proof for Central Europe. This mainly due its current southern distribution range, which climatically corresponds what expected Europe in near future. Present forests are, however, result of historic long-term intensive management, h...

ecological study of behavior as essential elements of their ecosystems and habitat characteristics in order to find appropriate solutions to maintain, revise and revitalize this important part of the renewable natural resources. this present research is about autecology of lagochilus macracanthus fisch. & c. a. mey. study area is located in near of nodooshan, yazd, iran. selected sites were wit...

Alexandrium ostenfeldii is present in a wide variety of environments in coastal areas worldwide and is the only dinoflagellate known species that produces paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins and two types of cyclic imines, spirolides (SPXs) and gymnodimines (GYMs). The increasing frequency of A. ostenfeldii blooms in the Baltic Sea has been attributed to the warming water in this region....

Antarctic and Southern Ocean (ASO) marine ecosystems have been changing for at least the last 30 years, including in response to increasing ocean temperatures and changes in the extent and seasonality of sea ice; the magnitude and direction of these changes differ between regions around Antarctica that could see populations of the same species changing differently in different regions. This art...

Aim Phylogenetic diversification is a precursor to speciation, but the underlying patterns and processes are not well-studied in lichens. Here we investigate what factors drive two tropical, morphologically similar macrolichens that occupy range differ altitudinal habitat preferences, testing for isolation by distance (IBD), environment (IBE), fragmentation (IBF). Location Neotropics, Hawaii, M...

Freshwater habitats occupy ,1% of the Earth’s surface, yet are hotspots that support ,10% of all known species, and ,M of vertebrate species. Fresh waters also are hotspots for human activities that have led to widespread habitat degradation, pollution, flow regulation and water extraction, fisheries overexploitation, and alien species introductions. These impacts have caused severe declines in...