The use of solitary confinement, particularly with mentally ill prisoners, has become a central focus of prison reform efforts in recent years. Numerous articles in the scholarly literature and popular media have chronicled the experiences of prisoners placed in long-term isolation, shining a spotlight on the growing use of the practice and its detrimental effects. This media attention has serv...

Background: Worldwide, prisoners are more at risk of being infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as well as hepatitis C and B in comparison with other risk groups. The combination of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), addiction and prison are factors that threaten the health of our society. Influence of risky behaviors is so common on transmission of AIDS into prisoners’ bodie...

Many studies of experimental economics have produced outcomes which contradict the predictions of Nash equilibrium, which relies heavily upon the premise of selfishness of an individual. In the games involving contexts of social conflicts represented by the prisoners’ dilemma game, the experiments yields outcomes quite different from what are predicted by the conventional wisdom. In order to fi...

Prisoners have disproportionate health care needs. Meeting those needs in a prison environment is challenging, especially in such resource-poor countries as Haiti. Even so, before the January 2010 earthquake, local and international organizations, in collaboration with the Haitian government, had been making significant progress to provide for the health needs of prisoners. The effort screened ...

Abstract. The discontinuous dependence of the properties of a quantum game on its entanglement has been shown up to be very much like phase transitions viewed in the entanglement-payoff diagram [J. Du et al., Phys. Rev. Lett, 88, 137902 (2002)]. In this paper we investigate such phase-transition-like behavior of quantum games, by suggesting a method which would help to illuminate the origin of ...