OBJECTIVE To determine the occurrence of subclinical rickets and its causing factors among adolescent students of schools in Kaghan Valley, Pakistan. STUDY DESIGN Observation cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Biochemistry and Health Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra, Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, from March to April 2012. METHOD...

thalassemia (thal) is the most single gene disorders in southeast of iran. about one quarter of total iranian new thal cases were born in the sistan and balouchistan province so the aim of this study is to assess knowledge level and attitudes towards thal in high school students in zahedan, capital of sistan and balouchistan province in iran.cross-sectional descriptive survey.this study was con...

The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between body composition and blood pressure (BP) in Bahraini adolescents. A sample of 504 Bahraini schoolchildren aged 12-17 years (249 boys and 255 girls) was selected using a multi-stage stratified sampling procedure. BP measurements were performed on the students. Anthropometric data including weight, height, waist circumfere...

introdouction: the major demand for orthodontic treatment is associated with esthetic complaints rather than with the severity of occlusal irregularities. this study evaluated the relationship between orthodontic treatment need based on index of complexity, outcome, and need (icon) and orthodontic- specific quality of life (qol) among high school students in shiraz. materials and methods: based...

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to reconstruct determining validity, and score The Stanford Diagnostic Reading Test fourth edition (SDRT4) in the sixth grade students. Methods: The population of the study was all sixth grades of the 19 educational districts from Tehran, 571 students (255 boys and 316 girls) were selected by using a random multi-cluster sampling. The data were an...

While education gaps by gender have closed in many areas, they persist in STEM fields and particularly in mathematics. We study one potential explanation for this persistence: the transmission of bias from adults to children. We exploit the random assignment of children to classes in Chinese middle schools to generate plausibly exogenous variation in the proportion of peers’ parents who are bia...