PURPOSE We aimed to characterize alterations in the posterior scleral collagen microstructure before detectable disease onset in a canine model of open-angle glaucoma caused by an ADAMTS10 mutation. METHODS Collagen orientation, anisotropy degree (proportion of preferentially aligned collagen), and relative density were measured at 0.4 mm spatial resolution using synchrotron wide-angle X-ray ...

PURPOSE To investigate the age-related differences in the inhomogeneous, anisotropic, nonlinear biomechanical properties of posterior sclera from old (22.9 +/- 5.3 years) and young (1.5 +/- 0.7 years) rhesus monkeys. METHODS The posterior scleral shell of each eye was mounted on a custom-built pressurization apparatus, then intraocular pressure (IOP) was elevated from 5 to 45 mm Hg while the ...

A candidate for refractive surgery presented with classic (type I) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Clinical examination revealed blue sclera, limbus-to-limbus corneal thinning, myopia, and astigmatism. Orbscan (Bausch & Lomb) pachymetry mapping provided a striking demonstration of the limbus-to-limbus thinning with a central corneal thickness of 360 microm in the right eye and 383 microm in the l...

BACKGROUND Alkaptonuria is a rare genetic disease leading to the accumulation of homogentesic acid in joint and ear cartilage, sclera and some other tissues causing significant morbidity in these patients. In this paper, we report three cases of Alkaptonuria among the family or household members. CASE PRESENTATION A 51-year-old man with mechanical low back and knee pain was referred to Rheuma...

PURPOSE The goal of this study was to establish sectorial and regional variability in the mechanical strain of peripapillary and mid-peripheral sclera in normal eyes from elderly human donors. METHODS Ten pairs of normal eyes from human donors aged 57 to 90 years old were mechanically inflation-tested within 48 hours post mortem. The intact posterior scleral shells were pressurized from 5 to ...

The influence of drug properties including solubility, lipophilicity, tissue partition coefficients, and in vitro transscleral permeability on ex vivo and in vivo transscleral delivery from corticosteroid suspensions was determined. Solubility, tissue/buffer partition coefficients for bovine sclera and choroid-retinal pigment epithelium (CRPE), and in vitro bovine sclera and sclera-choroid-reti...

PURPOSE To delineate three-dimensionally the anterior and posterior surfaces of the lamina cribrosa, scleral flange, and peripapillary sclera, to determine the position and thickness of these structures within digital three-dimensional (3-D) reconstructions of the monkey optic nerve head (ONH). METHODS The trephinated ONH and peripapillary sclera from both eyes of three monkeys with early gla...

Introduction: The present study aimed to present a numerical analysis of the penetration depth,  specific absorption rate (SAR), and temperature rise in various eye tissues with varying distance between radiation source and exposed human eye tissues (i.e., cornea, posterior chamber, anterior chamber, lens, sclera, vitreous humor, and iris) at frequencies of 900 and1800 MHz. Materials and Method...

PURPOSE The distribution of the cell adhesion glycoproteins, laminin, fibronectin, tenascin, vitronectin, thrombospondin, and entactin/nidogen, was examined in the human lamina cribrosa. METHODS Frozen sections of the optic nerve head from 7 normal human elderly donors were stained by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS All six glycoproteins were detected in this tissue. While laminin and entacti...