Effector T cells become rapidly inactivated after antigen exposure due to extracellular as well as intrinsic signals. We have recently demonstrated that the deletion of diacylglycerol kinases, intrinsic inhibitors of T-cell signaling, enhances the activity of adoptively transferred T cells expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for a tumor-associated antigen.

Despite intensive treatment, pancreatic adenocarcinoma still has the worst prognosis among all malignancies. Using clinically relevant models, we demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of adoptively transferred T cells engineered with a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)- and ERBB2-specific chimeric antigen receptor against pancreatic carcinoma. Targeting CD24, a putative cancer stem cell antigen ex...

Background: Recently, modification of T cells with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has been an attractive approach for adoptive immunotherapy of cancers. Typically, CARs contain a single-chain variable domain fragment (scFv). Most often, scfvs are derived from a monoclonal antibody of murine origin and may be a trigger for host immune system that leads to the T-cell clearance. Nanobody is a spe...

The use of human sera collected from individuals of known infected and noninfected status is necessary for the validation of diagnostic assays and for the determination of cutoff values. However, the routine inclusion of pooled human sera from infected individuals for use as positive controls in commercial assay kits has many disadvantages. Sufficient quantities of sera can be difficult to obta...

Immunotherapy with genetically engineered T-cells that express the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) has raised hopes for the treatment of pediatric malignancies. Although CAR T-cell development is on a fast-moving pace and evolution, the context of exploring novel targetable antigens has been neglected. In this review study, we analyze the prominent hematologic antigens targeted by engineered T-...

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an enveloped icosahedral capsid with a prime neutralizing epitope present in E protein domain III (EDIII). dimers are rearranged into five-fold symmetry of icosahedrons. Cholera toxin B (CTB) and heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) AB5-type was used as the structural scaffold for emulating pentameric axis EDIII. We produced homo-pentameric EDIII through genetic fu...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES HBHA and Mtb32C have been isolated from culture supernatants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) and Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and their immunogenicity previously studies have been confirmed. In this study, capability of constructed vector containing two mycobacterial immunodaminant antigens (Mtb32C-HBHA), in producing new chimeric protein under the in...

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) antigens encoded by the 6 kDa early secretory antigenic target (esat-6) and antigen 85A (ag85a) genes are known to exert protective effects against tuberculosis in animal models. In addition, these antigens represent vaccine components that were tested in early human clinical trials. In the present study, a chimeric DNA vaccine was constructed that contain...

Relapse or refractory B-cell malignancies have been reported in multiple clinical trials after treatment of Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells. Many studies demonstrated the potential immune escape mechanism for like genetic mutation, transcriptional deregulation, lineage switch, loss CAR T-cells, and trogocytosis. The study these mechanisms can provide us insights designs future...