The professional Electronic Leadership Portfolio (ELP) is an effective method for the promotion of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the educational arena, both as a model for aspiring leaders and as a model for the necessary development of skills in teachers. Furthermore, the ELP provides a framework for future measurement of leadership skills and development as well as providi...

Twenty-five years ago, cigarette smokers in the United Kingdom smoked plain cigarettes with an average tar yield of probably about 35 mg. Now smokers predominantly smoke filter cigarettes and average tar yields have been reduced by half. Epidemiological evidence comparing mortality in smokers of differing types of cigarettes is reviewed. Compared with smokers of higher tar plain cigarettes, smo...

Aim To explore how e-cigarettes are perceived by a group of e-cigarette users and a group of Stop Smoking Advisors (SSAs), what are the risks and benefits they associate with e-cigarettes and how do these understandings shape participants' attitude towards e-cigarettes? METHOD Face-to-face and phone interviews were conducted with 15 e-cigarette users and 13 SSAs in South East England between ...

BACKGROUND Individuals with mental health conditions (MHC) have disproportionately high tobacco-related morbidity and mortality due to high smoking prevalence rates. As high consumers of cigarettes, smokers with MHC may consider using e-cigarettes as an alternative form of nicotine delivery. OBJECTIVE Examination of the susceptibility to use e-cigarettes by individuals with MHC. METHODS A U...

The UK Stop Smoking Services (SSS) are a source of information and advice on e-cigarettes for smokers and thus it is important to understand the knowledge of, and attitudes towards, e-cigarettes held by stop smoking practitioners. The datasets were English SSS quarterly monitoring returns (n = 207,883) and an online survey of English SSS practitioners, managers, and commissioners between 26th N...

BACKGROUND Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)-associated particulate matter (PM) constitutes a considerable health risk for passive smokers. It ought to be assessed separately from the other known toxic compounds of tobacco smoke. Brand-specific differences between cigarettes and particularly between cigarettes and favorably taxed cigarillos, are of public interest and therefore worth being inve...

BACKGROUND Tobacco companies argue that the decision to smoke is made by well-informed rational adults who have considered all the risks and benefits of smoking. Yet in promoting their products, the tobacco industry frequently relies on affect, portraying their products as part of a desirable lifestyle. Research examining the roles of affect and perceived risks in smoking has been scant and non...

BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are batterypowered devices developed with the goal of mimicking the action of smoking, including nicotine delivery, without the toxic effects of tobacco smoke. Little is known about the uptake of e-cigarettes among young people. METHODS: A survey was conducted with a cluster sample of 20 240 students enrolled at 176 nationally representative Poli...