A modular hotel unit has been optimised for a range of climate types. The objectives were carbon emissions and construction cost, and the optimisation was performed using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Variables covered solar and fabric properties as well as heating and cooling systems and renewables. Constraints governed roof area and comfort. Shading provision was determined separately ...

The data-centric discovery of the influence patterns in climate systems relies solely on the observation of climate quantities such as temperature, precipitation and wind speed. Compared to the traditional method of simulation of climate systems using the physical properties of the environment, the data-centric approach provides a faster and less expensive alternative solution for many climatol...

Bioclimatic models aimed assessing a species’ sensitivity to climate change incorporate mean shifts in climate variables; however the more acute threat to the persistence of species may result from increased frequency of extreme climatic events, including increased duration and severity of droughts. Here we assess climate-change sensitivity using niche modeling that unlike bioclimatic modeling ...

the agricultural sector was affected by climate change more than every other sectors, because it is close to nature. in other words, the effects of climate change were been on the farmers’ livelihood. farmers need to entrepreneurial changes for adaptation to climate change in their livelihood. hence, investigation of farmers’ entrepreneurial behavior in response to climate change was the main p...

A basic assumption of the hedonic technique is that there are no barriers to mobility which prevent prices changing to reflect the net benefits of a given location. But climate variables are undeviating over relatively large differences and the absence of a common language and/or cultural ties may prevent the net advantages associated with a particular region from being eliminated. Methods alte...

In a partial factorial model experiment, we used the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM, version 4.0) to assess the relative roles of changes in CO2, temperature, precipitation and cloudiness in equilibrium responses of primary production and carbon storage. In the experiment, we used two levels of atmospheric CO2 concentration (315 and 522 ppmv CO2), contemporary climate and changes in temperatu...

US national parks are challenged by climate and other forms of broad-scale environmental change that operate beyond administrative boundaries and in some instances are occurring at especially rapid rates. Here, we evaluate the climate change exposure of 289 natural resource parks administered by the US National Park Service (NPS), and ask which are presently (past 10 to 30 years) experiencing e...

Animal responses to global climate variation might be spatially inconsistent. This may arise from spatial variation in factors limiting populations' growth or from differences in the links between global climate patterns and ecologically relevant local climate variation. For example, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has a spatially consistent relation to temperature, but inconsistent spatia...

23 We demonstrate that wildfire area burned (WFAB) in the American West was significantly 24 controlled by climate (combinations of precipitation, temperature, and/or drought) during most 25 of the 20 century (1916-2003). Persistent, ecosystem-specific correlations between climate 26 variables and area burned are grouped by vegetation type for 16 ecoprovinces across the West. 27 Most mountainou...