A growing number of co-crystals in the literature are proof how significant co-crystallization concept has become. Co-crystallization enhances physicochemical properties through formation intermolecular interactions between a drug and co-former. co-crystal is single crystalline material consisting at least two molecular components solid room temperature present definite stoichiometric ratio. Ph...

Objective(s): Smoking opium/cigarette is a global health concern. The aim of this study was to examine learning and memory of rat male offsprings whose mothers had been exposed to either opium or morphine with nicotine during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats were used for the experiments. In the female rats, opium, morphine and nicotine dependencies were induced by daily injection...

Serotonin syndrome (SS), a potentially life-threatening adverse drug reaction caused by excessive serotonergic agonism in central and peripheral nervous system serotonergic receptors, may be caused by a single drug or a combination of drugs with serotonergic activity. The syndrome results in a variety of mental, autonomic and neuromuscular changes, which can range in severity from mild to life-...

Carbon monoxide (CO) has been proposed to attenuate the vasoconstrictor response to local hypoxia that contributes to pulmonary hypertension. However, the segmental response to CO, as well as its mechanism of action in the pulmonary circulation, has not been fully defined. To investigate the hemodynamic response to exogenous CO, lungs from male Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused with physiologic...

1 STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, NCAS/British Atmospheric Data Centre, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom 2 Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA, 3 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Pasadena, CA, USA 4 Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA 5 University Corporation for Atmospheri...

$ 50%, and glatiramer did not modify this effect. When infected cells were exposed to ampicillin for 24 h after phagocytosis, the bacterial load was reduced by $ 1.7 log compared with the original, post-phagocytosis inoculum. Glatira-mer, IFN-g, or the combination of glatiramer and IFN-g did not significantly modify this effect of ampicillin. In the next series of experiments, we examined the a...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. ADHD is characterized by the inability to appropriately modulate attention and/ or impulse control and hyperactivity, resulting in social, academic and occupational underachievement. With a prevalence of 3–5%, ADHD is one of the most frequently seen disorders in child an...