Social competition is a fundamental mechanism of evolution and plays a central role in structuring individual interactions and communities. Little is known about the factors that affect individuals' competitive success, particularly in humans. Key factors might include stress, a major evolutionary pressure that can affect the establishment of social hierarchies in animals, and individuals' trai...

background : this study aimed to examine the association of state and trait anxiety with fear of childbirth to explore whether there was any support for the hypothesis that state and trait anxiety are risk factors for the fear of childbirth or not. methods : in this prospective study, 156 pregnant women referred to the health centers of qom. the study samples selected using simple random sampli...

test situations evoke anxiety for many when the impact of tests on one’s life is considered, including the educational, emotional and other aspects. the purpose of this study is to examine the mediating role of emotion-focused and avoidant coping strategies on the relationship between trait anxiety and test anxiety. 375 high students (193 males, 182 females) aged 15-18 were selected by random c...

Introduction: Rhinoplasty is one of the most common cosmetic surgeries occasionally associated with complications, such as acne lesions. Anxiety reportedly leads to the emergence or exacerbation of acne lesions.   Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 147 patients undergoing rhinoplasty. The patients were assigned into two groups of case (wit...

Recent research has shown that more successful performers interpret pre-competitive symptoms of anxiety as more facilitative than less successful performers. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of both trait anxiety and pre-competitive arousal intensity and direction on intermediate riding performance in the disciplines of dressage, showjumping and eventing, including whether differe...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this article is to report how Neuro Emotional Technique (NET) was used for precompetitive anxiety in 2 power-lifting athletes. CLINICAL FEATURES Two athletes (1 elite and 1 novice), who were participating in major competitions within 2 weeks of testing, were assessed for cognitive and somatic anxiety levels pre- and postintervention. Three psychometrics were used to measu...

in this research anxiety and depression and their association with 32 different factors in students of hamedan university of medical sciences were measured. levels of anxiety and depression were assessed by state-trait anxiety inventory (from 2, trait) and beck depression inventory. a questionnaire made of demographic data, educational and noneducational activities, the presence of medical or p...

People with severe physical disabilities may experience psychosocial problems. Boccia is one sport that athletes with severe disability can engage in, but no information on the effects of Boccia on psychosocial outcomes for participants with severe disability is available. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of Boccia on psychosocial outcomes in persons with severe disabilities. The study includ...