extended distribution of digicash has commercial, socio-economic as well as political effects. from the economic viewpoint, the most crucial effect of digicash use extension takes place on money supply, monetary policies and central bank. because digicash is capable of being replaced by bank notes and the coins, it is possible that digicash gradually takes the place of the central bank money an...

Recent studies have shown that the majority of the poor lack access to formal banking services of any kind and have emphasized the importance of enabling savings. Using a field experiment I investigate the impact of expanding household access to a savings account with no withdrawal fees on savings and borrowing behavior, assets accumulation, and investment in health and education. A savings acc...

T his paper examines the effect of factors on the development of commercial banking in Iraq. Seven factors used as determinates for financial depth which are per capita GDP, inflation rate, government budget deficit, share of state-owned banks of total assets as proxy of financial repression, oil sector domination, international trade openness and political stability as explanatory v...

I ran Insurance Company intends to raise its financial credit and render enhanced services to the insured and the public. The need to meet financial obligations arising from the claims requires determination of the optimum deposited claims reserve with banks. Therefore, the present research study aimed at finding the loss ratio (incurred losses to premiu...

Liquidity and deflationary spirals self‐generate endogenous risk and redistribute wealth. Monetary policy can mitigate these effects and help rebalance wealth after an adverse shock, thereby reducing endogenous risk, stabilizing the economy, and stimulating growth. The redistributive channel differs from the classic Keynesian interest rate channel in models with price stickiness. Central banks ...

In this study it has been initiated to find out the credit strength and financial performance of cement industries in Bangladesh through investigating the financial report for the period from 2007 to 2011. Financial ratios are employed to measure the Liquidity (Working capital to Total Assets), Profitability (Retained Earnings to Total Assets), Efficiency (Earnings before Interest and Taxes to ...

Failure to timely identify the occurrence of various shocks in the foreign exchange market due to the close relationship with the monetary, macroeconomic, and financial uncertainty can lead to crises and imbalances. In this paper, the effect of exchange rate and investor confidence on monetary and economic uncertainty in Iran is investigated, specifying a Multivariate GARCH model and the Grange...

Monetary policy has pursued the concept of inflation targeting. This has been implemented in many countries. Here interest rates are supposed to respond to an inflation gap and output gap. Despite long term continuing growth of the world financial assets, recently, monetary policy, in particular in the U.S. after the subprime credit crisis, was challenged by severe disruptions and a meltdown of...