We investigate the formation of clusters of galaxies in an expanding universe using a new code that regrids at a region of high density. In particular we investigate two models for the initial conditions, both with the standard CDM power spectrum-one has = 1 and the other = 0:2. Both universes have H 0 = 100 km s 1 Mpc 1 and = 0. The level of substructure in the nal cluster can be used as a dis...

Visual representation and organization of the knowledge have been utilized in different ways in tutoring systems to upgrade their usefulness. This paper concentrates on the usage of various graphical formalisms, for example, the conceptual graph, ontology, and concept map in tutoring systems. The paper addresses what is way of the utilization of every formalism and the offering of the potential...

Previous experimental studies have indicated that young people’s text comprehension and summarisation skills can be improved by techniques based on text concept mapping (TCM). However, these studies have done little to elucidate a pedagogy that can make the techniques adoptable within the context of typical secondary school classrooms. This paper explains how a collaborative research approach h...

Residue curve maps are a powerful tool for the preliminary design of Reactive Distillation (RD). In this study, residue curve maps of the n-butyl acetate synthesis reaction were calculated based on the Langmuir–Hinshelwood–Hougen–Watson kinetic and UNIQUAC models to calculate the physical properties of the system. The results showed that the unstable node branch emerged from the n-butyl ace...

A conceptual diagram is a line drawing which represents semantic structure of concepts usirtg simple yeometric entities. This paper presents a method of understanding conceptual diagrams. The objective of our method is to interpret semantic roles of geometric entities in conceptual diagrams. In conceptual diagrams, however, a single geometric entity plays various semantic roles for representing...

We describe Scusi?, a spoken language interpretationmechanism designed to be part of a robot-mounted di-alogue system. Scusi?’s interpretation process mapsspoken utterances to text, which in turn is parsed andthen converted to conceptual graphs. In order to sup-port robust and flexible performance of the dialoguemodule, Scusi? maintains multiple options at eachstage ...

Despite growing scholarly interest in aesthetic dimensions of organizational life, there is a lack of literature expressly engaging with the methodological mechanics of ‘doing aesthetics research’. This article addresses that gap. It begins with an overview of the conceptual idiosyncrasies of ‘aesthetics’ as a facet of human existence and maps out the challenges these pose for empirical researc...

Wayfinding is part of everyday life. This study concentrates on the development of a conceptual model of human navigation in the U.S. Interstate Highway Network. It proposes three different levels of conceptual understanding that constitute the cognitive map: the Planning Level, the Instructional Level, and the Driver Level. This paper formally defines these three levels and examines the concep...