In vitro fertilization is becoming a pressing issue in contemporary societies. The article considers it starting from the Polish debate but takes up its broader anthropological and ethical aspects. Dealing with the latter, it also employs some acute remarks from “Dignitas Personae.” Finally it considers an approach to in vitro against the background of “European Convention on Bioethics.” In its...

building contraventions have become one of the important dilemmas of many cities like tehran. the wide aftereffects of the contraventions and the large cost of removing their negative effects, make the reduction of the possibility of their occurrence essential. this paper tries to find the reasons and roots of building contraventions in order to prevent their occurrence through appropriate plan...

Homology-facilitated illegitimate recombination has been described in three naturally competent bacterial species. It permits integration of small linear DNA molecules into the chromosome by homologous recombination at one end of the linear DNA substrate, and illegitimate recombination at the other end. We report that homology-facilitated illegitimate recombination also occurs in Escherichia co...

Security is the most important issue in a network system. Administrators can more easily understand threats to the network by using a model. In this paper, we present an approach for modelling a network that considers the benefits of the network as well as its limitations. In our approach, we model the system as an optimization problem, which is solved using three algorithms. As the proposed ap...

This paper considers the testing of fuzzy hypotheses on the basis of a Bayesian approach. For this, using a notion of prior distribution with interval or fuzzy-valued parameters, we extend a concept of posterior probability of a fuzzy hypothesis. Some of its properties are also put into investigation. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods are also cla...

the present article studies the symbolism in the poetry of badrshakir al-siab. his literary method played an important role in leading the literature of 50s and 60s in iraq and the whole arab world. this article tries to express how siab after becoming familiar with western literature and being affected by the european symbolist poets could add a new form to the contemporary arabic poetry. he t...

extension of information together with the need for its use in a suitable and appropriate time is one of the important goals in this century – the information century. the user query that is accessibility to the requested text information in a short time must be satisfied using effective techniques. this is performable under text compression and retrieval, which have been treated separately bef...