The most important standard in wireless local area networks is IEEE 802.11. This is why much of the research work for the enhancement of wireless network is usually based on the behavior of IEEE 802.11 protocol. However, some of the ways in which IEEE 802.11 medium access control layer behaves is still unreliable to guarantee quality of service. For instance, medium access control layer packet ...

Quality control (QC) is a critical step in large-scale studies of genetic variation. While, on average, high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays are now very accurate, the errors that remain tend to cluster into a small percentage of "problem" SNPs, which exhibit unusually high error rates. Because most large-scale studies of genetic variation are searching for phe...

Marine cryptic species, taxa that are morphologically identical but genetically distinct, may be important and underestimated components of the ecosystem. The understanding of several ecological interactions, such as marine bioinvasions, could be altered by the correct description of the bioinvaders. Here, we have focused our study on the hardyhead silverside, Atherinomorus lacunosus, a Lesseps...

Crop and irrigation water use efficiencies may be improved by managing irrigation application timing and volumes using physical and agronomic principles. However, the crop water requirement may be spatially variable due to different soil properties and genetic variations in the crop across the field. Adaptive control strategies can be used to locally control water applications in response to in...

This paper studies a reversible investment problem where a social planner aims to control its capacity production in order to fit optimally the random demand of a good. Our model allows for general diffusion dynamics on the demand as well as general cost functional. The resulting optimization problem leads to a degenerate two-dimensional bounded variation singular stochastic control problem, fo...

In this paper, we analyze second-order Runge–Kutta approximations to a nonlinear optimal control problem with control constraints. If the optimal control has a derivative of bounded variation and a coercivity condition holds, we show that for a special class of Runge–Kutta schemes, the error in the discrete approximating control is O(h2) where h is the mesh spacing.

ISSR molecular markers have been used to investigate genetic diversity of oca (Oxalis tuberosa Mol.), an Andean neglected tuber crop species. Sampling procedure allowed a preliminary study of the genetic diversity at the intraand intervarietal levels. Twenty tuber lots conserved in situ in the microcentre of Candelaria and ex situ in the Toralapa Centre (Bolivia) were identified. Four ISSR prim...

INTRODUCTION: Variations in anterolateral thigh (ALT) arterial anatomy are well documented. Ethnicity is a known risk factor for vascular variation in several organ systems, but its impact on ALT anatomy has not been studied. Anecdotally, we observed frequent ALT arterial variation in African American (AA) patients. We thus hypothesized that AA patients have higher rates of anomalous branching.