Individuals with a constitutional chromosome abnormality consisting of a deletion of a portion of the long arm of chromosome 18 (18q-) have a high incidence ( approximately 95%) of dysmyelination. Neuroradiologic findings in affected children report a smaller corpus callosum, but this finding has not been quantified. This is in part due to the large intersubject variability of the corpus callos...

The MR imaging studies of 68 patients who had brain anomalies were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate specific anatomic abnormalities of the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum was abnormal in 32 (47%) of the 68 patients. Excluding patients with the Chiari I malformation, callosal anomalies were present in 30 (68%) of 44 patients. Callosal dysgenesis was most common, followed by callosal atr...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether atrophy of the corpus callosum is associated with cognitive impairment and cerebral cortical hypometabolism in corticobasal degeneration. DESIGN Prospective clinicoradiological correlation with magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography. SETTING A university hospital. PATIENTS Eight right-handed patients with clinically diagnosed corticoba...

The corpus callosum is a large fiber tract that connects neurons in the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is associated with a large number of human syndromes but little is known about why ACC occurs. In most cases of ACC, callosal axons are able to grow toward the midline but are unable to cross it, continuing to grow into large swirls of axons known as...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can noninvasively detect in vivo white matter (WM) abnormalities on the basis of anisotropic diffusion properties. We analyzed DTI data retrospectively to quantify the abnormalities in different WM regions in children with hydrocephalus during early infancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventeen infants diagnosed with hydrocephalus (age range, 0...

PURPOSE To describe six patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunting for hydrocephalus and developed scalloping deformity of the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum, and to evaluate the cause and frequency of this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR images of 35 patients whose hydrocephalus was successfully corrected by V-P shunting were studied. To elucidate the possible ana...

Although the morphology of the corpus callosum is well defined, the arterial supply of this structure has not been comprehensively studied. To elucidate this further, 40 cerebral hemispheres from 30 adult cadaveric brains were obtained. The anterior cerebral arteries were cannulated and injected with red latex. The following were observed and documented: (1) the number, diameter, and course of ...

BACKGROUND This paper presents a three-dimensional (3D) method for segmenting corpus callosum in normal subjects and brain cancer patients with glioblastoma. METHODS Nineteen patients with histologically confirmed treatment naïve glioblastoma and eleven normal control subjects underwent DTI on a 3T scanner. Based on the information inherent in diffusion tensors, a similarity measure was propo...

Anatomical differences in the corpus callosum have been found in various psychiatric disorders, but data on the genetic contributions to these differences have been limited. The current study used morphometric MRI data to assess the heritability of corpus callosum size and the genetic correlations among anatomical sub-regions of the corpus callosum among individuals with and without mood disord...

Traumatic brain injury frequently causes traumatic axonal injury (TAI) in white matter tracts. Experimental TAI in the corpus callosum of adult mice was used to examine the effects on oligodendrocyte lineage cells and myelin in conjunction with neuroimaging. The injury targeted the corpus callosum over the subventricular zone, a source of neural stem/progenitor cells. Traumatic axonal injury wa...