1 We use global 3-D atmospheric simulations of carbonyl sulfide (COS) to interpret 2 observations at a network of surface sites. We aim to identify the primary factors 3 underlying observed seasonal variations and to constrain COS uptake by terrestrial 4 vegetation. Model simulations based on a recent estimate of global COS fluxes (which 5 includes closure between sources and sinks) successfull...

This study aims to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan (COS) on gastrointestinal pathogen resistance in mice model. For two weeks, a control group of ICR mice received a basal diet whilst the intervention group received the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg COS. After two weeks, the mice fed the supplemented diet had a lower body weight. Then enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E. co...

2 Classification Error Suppose that we cut off the growing process at various points over the growing processs, and we evaluate the error of the tree at that point and time. This would lead to a graph of size vs. error (where error is the probability of making a mistake). There are two error rates to be considered: • training error (i.e. fraction of mistakes made on the training set) • testing ...

Words denoting non-causative and causative change of state (COS) predicates often are morphologically related to words denoting the related state predicates, though the relationship sometimes differs for different types of states. For the state of ‘brokeness’, for example, in English the word denoting the state in (1c) is derived from the words denoting the change of state. In contrast, the wor...

BACKGROUND Clinical officers (COs), a mid-level cadre of health worker, are the backbone of healthcare provision in rural Kenya. However, the vacancy rate for COs in rural primary healthcare facilities is high. Little is known about factors motivating COs' preferences for rural postings. METHODS A discrete choice experiment (DCE) questionnaire was used with 57 COs at public health facilities ...

This contribution combines results of experiments with kinetic modelling to probe the unusual behaviour carbonyl sulfide (COS), a sulfur species that frequently arises in fuel systems. The identified CO and SO2 as primary oxidation products, no formation CO2. low ignition temperature (<600 K) COS observed prior conflicts high activation barrier for reaction + O2 → CO2 SO 211.3 kJ mol−1 on tradi...

Chi (5'-GCTGGTGG) is a recombinator in RecA-RecBC-mediated recombination in Escherichia coli. In bacteriophage lambda vegetative recombination, Chi is fully active only when it is correctly oriented with respect to cos, the site that defines the ends of the packaged chromosome. Here we demonstrate that packaging from cos is not necessary for this cos-Chi interaction. Our evidence suggests that ...

The response of a cell in the primary visual cortex to an optimally oriented grating is suppressed by a superimposed orthogonal grating. This cross-orientation suppression (COS) is exhibited when the orthogonal and optimal stimuli are presented to the same eye (monoptically) or to different eyes (dichoptically). A recent study suggested that monoptic COS arises from subcortical processes; howev...

The benefit of Class-of-Service (CoS) is an important topic in the “Network Neutrality” debate. Some proponents of network neutrality suggest that over-provisioning is a viable alternative to CoS, and that there is no need for differentiated services in an IP backbone for users needing better-than-besteffort service. In this paper, we quantify the extra capacity requirement for an over-provisio...