Soil exchange of carbonyl sulfide (COS) is the second largest COS flux in terrestrial ecosystems. A novel application of COS is the separation of gross primary productivity (GPP) from concomitant respiration. This method requires that soil COS exchange is relatively small and can be well quantified. Existing models for soil COS flux have incorporated empirical temperature and moisture functions...

Abstract. Sulfate geoengineering (SG) methods based on lower stratospheric tropical injection of sulfur dioxide (SO2) have been widely discussed in recent years, focusing the direct and indirect effects they would climate system. Here a potential alternative method is discussed, where emissions are located at surface or troposphere form carbonyl sulfide (COS) gas. There two time-dependent chemi...

[1] Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is an atmospheric trace gas that participates in some key reactions of the carbon cycle and thus holds great promise for studies of carbon cycle processes. Global monitoring networks and atmospheric sampling programs provide concurrent data on COS and CO2 concentrations in the free troposphere and atmospheric boundary layer over vegetated areas. Here we present a mode...

Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is a promising tracer for partitioning terrestrial photosynthesis and respiration from net carbon fluxes, based on its daytime co-uptake alongside CO2 through leaf stomata. Because ecosystem COS fluxes are the sum of plant and soil fluxes, using COS as a photosynthesis tracer requires accurate knowledge of soil COS fluxes. At an oak woodland in Southern California, we mon...

Background: Breast cancer is a common cause of brain metastasis. Although breast has relatively high survival rates, its rate after metastasis to the lower. Conventional two-dimensional cell culture models and animal are widely used in metastatic research, these have tremendously contributed understanding this disease. However, some limitations, such as different physiological features genetic ...

Background: Acetabular Retroversion (AR) is a hip disorder and one of the causes of pain in this area. Evaluationof positive Cross Over Sign (COS) on AP X-Rays of the hip is currently the best method of diagnosis of AR. Severalstudies have measured co-existence of Ischial Spine Sign (ISS) in patients with AR. In this study we evaluated thediagnostic value of ISS in confirmation of AR and compar...

The properties of two improved versions of charge-on-spring (COS) polarizable water models (COS/G2 and COS/G3) that explicitly include nonadditive polarization effects are reported. In COS models, the polarization is represented via a self-consistently induced dipole moment consisting of a pair of separated charges. A previous polarizable water model (COS/B2), upon which the improved versions a...

We began the lecture with some final words on graphical models. Choosing a graphical model is akin to choosing a probability model for your data or choosing an algorithm. Each model has advantages and disadvantages that may make it more or less suitable for modeling your data. A graphical model is a representation of a probability model, so it also carries that model’s plusses and minuses. Grap...

We perform comparative studies for four types of the two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDMs) under precision measurements Standard Model (SM) observables at proposed factories. explore discovery potential based on hypothetical deviations in data 2HDMs up to one-loop level. find $5\sigma$ observability from $\chi^2$ fitting a significant theory parameter space future For Type-I 2HDM, regions with $\cos...

-The sulphidation of calcined limestone with H2S , COS and mixtures of H2S and COS was studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer at temperatures between 500 and 700°C. The applied H2Sand COS-pressures corresponded with those in coal gas produced by modern coal gasifiers, i.e. 50-12,000 Pa for H2S and 50-1000 Pa for COS. The reaction orders in H2S and COS as well as the activation energies of the ...