warranty as a kind of service contract today plays a role key in business and legal transactions. in this paper, we present a manufacturer, an agent and a customer's model under different service contracts suggestions. the manufacturer's profit is maximized by determining sale price, warranty period and warranty price. in addition we obtain optimal maintenance cost or repair cost for ...

iran is one of the most energy-rich countries subsidizing energy carriers, especially in the agricultural sector, to the extent that the resulting growth is at the expense of the environment. this study tries to investigate the potential impacts of energy price reform on the agro-environment, based on the marginal abatement costs (macs) of emissions. firstly, the energy demand function of the a...

maximizing economic earnings is the most common goal in cut-off grade optimization of open-pit mining operations. when this is the case, the price of the product has a critical effect on optimum value of cut-off grade. this paper investigates the relationship between optimum cut-off grade and price to maximize total cash flow and net percent value (npv) of operation. in order to visualize this ...

Abstract: The ready-to-eat cereal industry is characterized by high concentration, high price-cost margins, large advertising-to-sales ratios, and numerous introductions of new products. Previous researchers have concluded that the ready-to-eat cereal industry is a classic example of an industry with nearly collusive pricing behavior and intense non-price competition. This paper empirically exa...

in trading electrical energy in deregulated power systems, violation of operation constraints such as transmission lines flow limits is possible. these conditions have been called “congestion”. one of the most important responsibility of independent system operator (iso) is congestion management in a manner that all the system equipments be operated in their nominal ranges. in this paper, usi...

The paper assesses the welfare effects of different ways of allocating input price risk between a regulated utility, consumers and speculators in a futures market. A risk-averse utility setting a fixed retail price requires a price that exceeds expected marginal cost, unless an efficient futures market is available. The firm bears no risk when input price risk is transferred to consumers, but c...

In this work, we consider an interesting variant of the well studied KP model for selfish routing on parallel links, which reflects some influence from the much older Wardrop model [29]. In the new model, user traffics are still unsplittable and links are identical. Social Cost is now the expectation of the sum, over all links, of Latency Costs; each Latency Cost is modeled as a certain polynom...

The paper considers grid computing systems in which the resource management systems (RMS) divides a service tasks into execution blocks (EBs) and sends these blocks to different available resources. The service cost comprises the task execution cost, communication cost and security measures cost and depends on the resources assigned to execute the EBs. The service price is determined according ...

We consider the price of stability for Nash and correlated equilibria of linear congestion games. The price of stability is the optimistic price of anarchy, the ratio of the cost of the best Nash or correlated equilibrium over the social optimum. We show that for the sum social cost, which corresponds to the average cost of the players, every linear congestion game has Nash and correlated price...

In a network creation game, initially proposed by Fabrikant et. al. [FLM+03], selfish players build a network by buying links to each other. Each player pays a fixed price per link α > 0, and suffers an additional cost that is the sum of distances to all other players. We study an extension of this game where each player is only interested in its distances to a certain subset of players, called...