Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is the type species of the Cucumovirus genus in the Family Bromoviridae. The virus is distributed worldwide, has a very broad host range infecting over 1000 species in more than 85 plant families, and is transmitted by more than 80 aphid species in 30 genera in a non-persistent manner. The viral genome is positive-sense, single-stranded RNA divided among three segmen...

RNA 1 of the V strain of tomato aspermy virus (TAV) consists of 3410 nucleotides and contains one open reading frame (ORF) of 2982 nucleotides, resembling RNA 1 of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) strains Q and Fny (68% and 66% identical, respectively) and of brome mosaic virus (BMV) (41% identical). In comparisons between amino acid sequences, three conserved regions (N-terminal, C-terminal and cen...

Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum Dunal) is a solanaceous weed, armed with prickles on stems, leaves, petioles, and calyxes. It is native to Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay (26) and was introduced in the 1980s into Florida, where it thrives as a perennial, particularly in the southern part of the state (11). It has spread rapidly throughout Florida, now occurring on more than 405,000...

brown leaf spots; or diffuse yellow blotches. Severely affected plants have rotten basal stems and stumps and black, rotten roots. Symptoms of ‘awa dieback may resemble other ‘awa diseases or conditions. The mosaic symptoms associated with ‘awa dieback resemble nutrient deficiencies (e.g., nitrogen, potassium, and iron) caused by insufficient fertilizer applications or planting in a nutrient-po...

Comparison of gene silencing in tissues and whole organisms shows intriguing similarities between plants and animals (Cohen and Xiong, 2011; Hyun et al., 2011; Jose et al., 2011; Melnyk et al., 2011; Molnar et al., 2011) despite that they are very different from each other in many aspects related to the cell-to-cell communications (Ritzenthaler, 2011). Interestingly, one of the shared mechanism...

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is a tripartite, positive-sense RNA plant virus in the genus Cucumovirus, family Bromoviridae. This virus is one of the most economically important viruses affecting several crop plant species and it has one of the widest host ranges among the characterized viruses. Recently, snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) crops in Wisconsin have ex...