One-pot, four-component procedure for the synthesis of a small library of new chiral spiro- oxindolopyrrolidines with high regio-, diastereo- (>99:1 dr), and enantioselectivity (up to 80% ee) is described. In this process, the regio- and stereochemical 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, which were generated insitu by the reaction of isatin derivatives and sarcosin,with optically ac...

We positively answer the question A.1.6 in [2]: “Is there a recursive normalizing one-step reduction strategy for micro λ-calculus?” Micro λ-calculus refers to an implementation of the λ-calculus due to [1], implementing β-reduction by means of “micro steps” recursively distributing a β-redex (λx.M)N over its body M . 1 Inner spine strategy First, we provide “micro λ-calculus” with a more syste...

Reservoir characterization has a leading role in the reservoir geophysics and reservoir management. Since the interests of the reservoir geophysics and reservoir managements are the elastic properties and reservoir properties of the subsurface rock for their purposes, a robust method is required for converting seismic data into elastic properties. Accordingly, by employing a rock physics model ...

One-pot, four-component procedure for the synthesis of a small library of new chiral spiro- oxindolopyrrolidines with high regio-, diastereo- (>99:1 dr), and enantioselectivity (up to 80% ee) is described. In this process, the regio- and stereochemical 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, which were generated insitu by the reaction of isatin derivatives and sarcosin,with optically ac...

This paper discusses an item-based and a rule-based model of language acquisition in relation to children's acquisition of word order in wh-questions in English and Norwegian. Constructivist work argues that English-speaking children are sensitive to wh-word + auxiliary combinations in the input, while generative work asserts that children acquire a rule of subject-auxiliary inversion or genera...