Increased use of rifampicin for in-patients was noted after the laboratory began reporting rifampicin susceptibilities routinely for all Gram-positive bacterial isolates. The appropriateness of rifampicin use was evaluated by chart review for in-patients administered rifampicin during two time periods, before and during routine rifampicin susceptibility reporting, respectively. While rifampicin...

OBJECTIVES The present study examined the extent to which daily stressor severity and appraisals of the stressors accounted for socioeconomic disparities in health. METHODS Data from the National Study of Daily Experiences and the Midlife in the United States Survey were combined for the current analyses, resulting in 1,031 respondents who reported on 7,229 days. RESULTS Respondents without...

With Monte Carlo simulations, we study the dynamic relaxation at perfect and imperfect surfaces of the three-dimensional Ising model with an ordered initial state. The time evolution of the surface magnetization, the line magnetization of the defect line, and the corresponding susceptibilities and second cumulants is carefully examined. Universal dynamic scaling forms including a dynamic crosso...

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An improved sib-pair test for linkage is introduced which is superior to the previously proposed tests. The test is derived from the standard chi-squared goodness of fit statistic by restricting the alternative hypothesis to the genetically possible. Critical values are given and exact power comparisons are made with the previously proposed tests. The new test is shown to be more powerful for f...

We provide a theoretical and empirical basis for the claim that individual differences exist in developmental plasticity and that phenotypic plasticity should be a subject of study in its own right. To advance this argument, we begin by highlighting challenges that evolutionary thinking poses for a science of development and psychopathology, including for the diathesis-stress framework that has...

Behavioural interactions are often analysed in terms of their costs and benefits to the actors [Hamilton, (1964) J. Theor. Biol.7 1-16; Gadagkar, (1993) Trends Ecol. Evol.8 232-234; Foster et al., (2001) Ann. Zool. Fenn.38 229-238]. Using the bumblebee Bombus terrestris, we wish to distinguish between two possible determinants of interaction behaviour between conspecifics, namely kin-directed b...

The qnrS1 gene induces reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in enterobacteria. We investigated the structure, antimicrobial susceptibility phenotype, and antimicrobial resistance gene characteristics of qnrS1 plasmids from hospitalized patients and community controls in southern Vietnam. We found that the antimicrobial susceptibilities, resistance gene characteristics, and plasmid structu...