Mesenteronal infection and transmission thresholds for several Middle American epizootic and enzootic Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) viruses were evaluated in field-collected (Guatemala) and colonized individuals of the enzootic vector mosquito Culex (Melanoconion) taeniopus. Approximate thresholds for 3 epizootic, hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) subtype I-AB strains were 10 chick e...

For a connected reductive group $G$ defined over $\mathbb{F}_q$ and equipped with the induced Frobenius endomorphism $F$, we study relation among following three $\mathbb{Z}$-algebras: (i) $\mathbb{Z}$-model $\mathsf{E}_G$ of algebras Gelfand-Graev representations $G^F$; (ii) Grothendieck $\mathsf{K}_{G^\ast}$ category $G^{\ast F^\ast}$ $\overline{\mathbb{F}_q}$ (Deligne-Lusztig dual side); (ii...

Exposure of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus (at -70 C) to 6 x 10 r gamma-radiation (Co) resulted in loss of lethality for young adult mice and guinea pigs, and loss of capacity to produce plaques or cytopathic effects in tissue culture. The suckling mouse was more sensitive for detecting live virus in radiated suspensions than was the adult mouse or guinea pig. Live virus was de...

Let $$G = (V,E)$$ be a connected simple graph of order p and size q. A G is called local antimagic if admits labeling. bijection $$f \colon E \to \{1,2,\ldots,q\}$$ labeling for any two adjacent vertices $$u$$ $$v$$ , we have $$f^+(u) \ne f^+(v)$$ where \sum_{e\in E(u)} f(e)$$ $$E(u)$$ the set edges incident to . Thus, induces proper vertex coloring assigned color $$f^+(v)$$ The chromatic numbe...

Using Galois theory, we explicitly construct (in all complex dimensions $$g\ge 2$$ ) an infinite family of simple $$g$$ -dimensional tori $$T$$ that enjoy the following properties: $$\bullet$$ Picard number is $$0;$$ in particular, algebraic dimension $$0$$ ; if $$T^\vee$$ dual , then $$\mathrm{Hom}(T,T^\vee)=\{0\}$$ automorphism group $$\mathrm{Aut}(T)$$ isomorphic to $$\{\pm 1\} \times \mathb...

The object of this paper is to study $(epsilon)$-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifolds. Some typical identities for the curvature tensor and the Ricci tensor of $(epsilon)$-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifold are investigated. Further, we study globally $phi$-Ricci symmetric and weakly $phi$-Ricci symmetric $(epsilon)$-Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifolds and obtain interesting results.

This paper describes a technique for generating diagnostic information for the timed bisimulation equivalence and the timed simulation preorder. More precisely, given two (parallel) networks of regular real–time processes, the technique will provide a logical formula that differentiates them in case they are not timed (bi)similar. Our method may be seen as an extension of the algorithm by Čerān...

This paper considers a bi-objective model for a scheduling problem of unrelated parallel batch processing machines to minimize the makespan and maximum tardiness, simultaneously. Each job has a specific size and the data corresponding to its ready time, due date and processing time-dependent machine are uncertain and determined by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers. Each machine has a specific capacity,...

Context: The Next Release Problem involves determining the set of requirements to implement in the next release of a software project. When the problem was first formulated in 2001, Integer Linear Programming, an exact method, was found to be impractical because of large execution times. Since then, the problem has mainly been addressed by employing metaheuristic techniques. Objective: In this ...