Different Borrelia species and serotypes were tested for their sensitivity to serum complement from various animals and human. Complement-mediated Borrelia killing in cattle, European bison and deer was higher irrespective of the Borrelia species whereas in other animals and human it was intermediate and Borrelia species-dependent. Activation of the alternative complement pathway by particular ...

the zoning of phenomena based on geographical location has a long history; any geographical zone is a part on ground level, which possesses noticeable internal consistency in terms of its existing phenomena and processes. agroclimatic zoning is mainly purposed to determine agroclimate regions and to evaluate these zones based on their relative utility in order to cultivate varieties of agricult...

ants consume or store the honeydew which is secreted by aphids or other homopteran insects. major benefit of ant attendance for aphids is protection against natural enemies. a study was carried out during 2009-2010, to determine the mutualistic association between ants and aphids on different host plants in some parts of khuzestan and esfahan provinces. a total of 20 ant species belonging to 12...

Abstract Assessing the spatiotemporal behaviour of alien species is pivotal to designing effective management plans. Interspecific niche partitioning among ungulates reported as a strategy avoid direct interactions. The Mediterranean mouflon and wild boar are two introduced Elba island for hunting aesthetic purposes. We used intensive camera trapping test whether occupancy temporal activity rhy...