The mononuclear phagocyte system, particularly dendritic cells, plays several pivotal roles in the development of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Here, we demonstrate that functionally distinct dendritic cell subpopulations are present in the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. At peak experimental autoimmu...

In mice affected with equine encephalomyelitis, the first pathological disturbance in infant animals is an inflammatory reaction, which is usually less pronounced in adult animals. A characteristic type of parenchymal damage appears to be independent of the inflammation. In such foci of injury there is initially a vacuolation of intercellular tissue. Neurones in such areas are at first intact, ...

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is also named encephalomyelitis disseminata (ED). EAE has been also called experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, but the word `allergic` is more and more replaced by the word `autoimmune`. This has to do with the deeper understanding of the disease biology that has been gathered over the last ye...

UNLABELLED The experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model is a model of multiple sclerosis that closely mimics the disease characteristics in humans. The main hallmarks of multiple sclerosis are neuroinflammation (microglia activation, monocyte invasion, and T-cell infiltration) and demyelination. PET imaging may be a useful noninvasive technique for monitoring disease progression and drug...

Antigen-specific T cells play a major role in mediating the pathogenesis of a variety of autoimmune conditions as well as other diseases. In the context of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a murine model of multiple sclerosis, we present here a general approach to the discovery of highly specific ligands for autoreactive cells. These ligands are obtained from a combinatorial library o...

1Department of Basic Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 2Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 3Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran 4Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Sina Hospital, Te...

The ability of superantigens to activate large numbers of T cells suggests that they may play a role in the course of autoimmune disorders. Data from several animal models of autoimmune disorders including experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and collagen induced arthritis supports this hypothesis. Administration of bacterial superantigens can induce an exacerbation of the autoimmune process...

The activity of acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) was previously reported to be involved in glucocorticoid-induced cell death (GICD) of T lymphocytes. This mechanism in turn is believed to contribute to the therapeutic efficacy of glucocorticoids (GCs) in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this study, we reassessed the role of aSMase in GICD by using aSMase knockout mice. The absence of aS...