The melt-phase synthesis of dioctyltin (IV) and triphenyltin (IV) benzoates were carried outusing stoichiometric amounts of benzoic acids and the corresponding organotin (IV) compounds.The reagents were ground together in a mortar and fed into a boiling glass tube. A cannula tubewas inserted into the boiling tube to discharge accumulated gaseous products. A syringe ensureda continuous flow of d...

Experiments are performed to correlate and model CHF during subcooled flow boiling of dielectric fluoro~rbon (FC-72) liquid on a smooth 12.7 x 12.7 mm* sirn~at~ electronic chip inside a vertical rectangular channel. Two distinct CHF regimes are established based on flow visualization and experimental data. At low flow velocities, CHF is accompanied by the formation of a continuous vapor blanket...

We describe a theoretical model of the fluid flow, heat transfer and phase change which occurs when liquid is injected into a fracture bounded by a hot, impermeable rock. We first consider the case of a warm host rock, in which there is no boiling of the water. We then develop the model to describe the case in which the host rock temperature is in excess of the boiling temperature and the water...

Flow boiling of water across a bank of circular staggered micro-pin fins, 250 lm long and 100 lm diameter with pitch-to-diameter ratio of 1.5, was experimentally studied for mass fluxes ranging from 346 kg/m s to 794 kg/m s and surface heat fluxes ranging from 20 W/cm to 350 W/cm. Local temperature measurements were used to elucidate the two-phase heat transfer coefficients. The flow was visual...

The substrate material and active side characteristics can affect the bubble ebullition cycle consequently heat transfer rate pressure drop in microchannel evaporators. This paper presents an experimental study on flow boiling patterns, rates multi-microchannels evaporators made of copper aluminium. HFE-7100 was used as test fluid at atmospheric pressure, 5 K inlet sub-cooling, mass flux 50-250...