Non-tariff measures are pervasive. In the area of merchandise trade, although tariffs have fallen worldwide, there has been no shortage of bureaucratic imagination in conceiving new non-tariff measures, or in turning existing regulatory instruments to protectionist ends. In the area of services trade, there is also a growing realisation that domestic regulatory regimes designed to address legit...

This commentary draws on personal experiences, my time spent discussing acts of harm in the academy with activists, and a review various incidences issues academic responsibility. Over last few years, I have observed numerous high-profile cases anthropology – countries contexts that elicited significant public response. Some frame this kind as proverbial ‘few bad apples’, an approach reject it ...

Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems can be used to control limb neuroprostheses in order to restore limb functionality of paralyzed persons. Traditionally, only invasive BMI (brain machine interfaces) are thought to provide an adequate signal-to-noise ratio and bandwidth to control an upper limb neuroprosthesis accurately in a continuous manner with sufficient degrees-of-freedom. This paper ...

The Status of Spontaneous Order in von Hayek’s Theory of Freedom and Its Educational Implications M. Moosivand Y. Ghaa’edi, Ph.D. S. Zarghaami, Ph.D. A. R. Mahmoodniyaa, Ph.D. The history of human thought shows that the concept of freedom and its use in different frameworks has been a major topic of discussion in philosophy. Within the educational system, freedom ...

The visual impact of hyperbolic tessellations has captured artists' imaginations ever since M.C. Escher generated his Circle Limit series in the 1950s. The scaling properties generated by hyperbolic geometry are different to the fractal scaling properties found in nature's scenery. Consequently, prevalent interpretations of Escher's art emphasize the lack of connection with nature's patterns. H...

“Imagination is what makes our sensory experience meaningful, enabling us to interpret and make sense of it, whether from a conventional perspective or from a fresh, original, individual one. It is what makes perception more than the mere physical stimulation of sense organs. It also produces mental imagery, visual and otherwise, which is what makes it possible for us to think outside the confi...