it is well known fact that binary relations are generalized mathematical functions. contrary to functions from domain to range, binary relations may assign to each element of domain two or more elements of range. some basic operations on functions such as the inverse and composition are applicable to binary relations as well. depending on the domain or range or both are fuzzy value fuzzy set, i...

Fuzzy logic systems (FLS) have been used in different applications with satisfactory performance (Wang, 1997). The human perception cannot be modelled by traditional mathematical techniques, thus, the introduction of fuzzy set (FS) theory in this modelling has been suitable (John & Coupland, 2007). When real-world applications are treated, many sources of uncertainty often appear. Several natur...

We describe fuzzy sets of type-2 and look at the definition of some of the available operations. With the aid of the extension principle we suggest some operations for implementing the concept of containment between fuzzy sets of type-2. We discuss the idea of specificity of a fuzzy set. We suggest a procedure for calculating the specificity of a interval value type-2 fuzzy subset. We show the ...

As medical images contain uncertainties, there are difficulties in classification of images into homogeneous regions. Fuzzy sets, rough sets and the combination of fuzzy and rough sets plays a prominent role in formalizing uncertainty, vagueness, and incompleteness in diagnosis. Development of hybrid approaches for the segmentation of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the ability of com...

anti-lock braking system (abs) is a nonlinear and time varying system including uncertainty, so it cannot be controlled by classic methods. intelligent methods such as fuzzy controller are used in this area extensively; however traditional fuzzy controller using simple type-1 fuzzy sets may not be robust enough to overcome uncertainties. for this reason an interval type-2 fuzzy controller is de...

For generalised type-2 fuzzy sets the defuzzification process has historically been slow and inefficient. This has hampered the development of type-2 Fuzzy Inferencing Systems for real applications and therefore no advantage has been taken of the ability of type-2 fuzzy sets to model higher levels of uncertainty. The research reported here provides a novel approach for improving the speed of de...

The concept of a fuzzy set was introduced by Zadeh [13], and later Chang [3] defined fuzzy topological spaces. These spaces and their generalizations are later studied by several authors, one of which, developed by Šostak [11, 12], used the idea of degree of openness. This type of generalization of fuzzy topological spaces was later rephrased by Chattopadhyay et al. [4], and by Ramadan [10]. In...