Nowadays, more and applications are developed for running on a distributed ledger technology, namely dApps. The business logic of dApps is usually implemented within smart contracts through Solidity, programming language writing different blockchain platforms, including the popular Ethereum. In Ethereum, run machines miners gas corresponds to execution fee compensating such computing resources....

An integrated Artificial Neural NetworkParticle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is presented for analyzing global electricity consumption. To aim this purpose, following steps are done: STEP 1: in the first step, PSO is applied in order to determine world’s oil, natural gas, coal and primary energy demand equations based on socio-economic indicators. World’s population, Gross domestic product (GDP), o...

the first step in dealing with the behavior of an engine on ng mode is the installation of a suitable gas fueling system on the engine. two generations of gas fueling systems which were studied and installed on research engine were mixer type and sequential system type. the results, including performance, emissions and fuel consumption, were recorded and analyzed. the results showed that the se...

The first step in dealing with the behavior of an engine on NG mode is the installation of a suitable gas fueling system on the engine. Two generations of gas fueling systems which were studied and installed on research engine were Mixer type and Sequential system type. The results, including performance, emissions and fuel consumption, were recorded and analyzed. The results showed that the...

The objectives of this study are to (a) evaluate the exergy and energy demand for constructing a hydrofractured shale gas well and determine its typical exergy and energy returns on investment (ExROI and EROI), and (b) compute the gas flow and intrinsic exergy analysis in the shale gas matrix and created fractures. An exergy system analysis of construction of a typical U.S. shale gas well, whic...

Most of gas sources are located in long distances from consumption centers. Gas is sent to final consumption points sometimes thousands kilometers far from their sources after extraction. So according to gas industries development and improvement of its transmission industries, technical developments are necessary in order to analyze the gas transmission system. In this study for the first time...

in this study a pseudo comprehensive carbon footprint model for fossil fuel power plants is presented. parameters which their effects are considered in this study include: plant type, fuel type, fuel transmission type, internal consumption of the plant, degradation, site ambient condition, transmission and distribution losses. investigating internal consumption, degradation and site ambient con...

Large-scale U.S. dependence on thermoelectric (steam electric) generation requiring water for cooling underscores the need to understand controls on this water use. The study objective was to quantify water consumption and withdrawal for thermoelectric generation, identifying controls, using Texas as a case study. Water consumption for thermoelectricity in Texas in 2010 totaled ∼0.43 million ac...

We present a model intended to predict mainly the residential and commercial natural gas consumption in urban areas, for the short and intermediate ranges of time. In the short range, the model has been successfully used to forecast the daily gas consumption of major cities of Argentina. It is able to predict the consumption 1 to 5 days in advance with 10% of uncertainty. In the intermediate ra...