In applications of HTN planning, repeated problems have arisen from the lack of correspondence between HTN tasks and classical-planning goals. We describe these problems and provide a new Hierarchical Goal Network (HGN) planning formalism that overcomes them. HGN tasks have syntax and semantics analogous to classical planning problems, and this has several benefits: HGN methods can be significa...

In their paper 'Predicting Internet Network Distance with Coordinates-Based Approaches' [1] T. S. Eugene Ng and Hui Zhang from the Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, USA, present a new coordinate-based approach (called 'GNP', short 'Global Network Positioning') to determine the distance between hosts. They compare their system with another coordinate-based approach, the 'Triangulated Heu...

We examined the genetic requirements for the Myc family of oncogenes in normal Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-mediated cerebellar granule neuronal precursor (GNP) expansion and in Shh pathway-induced medulloblastoma formation. In GNP-enriched cultures derived from N-myc(Fl/Fl) and c-myc(Fl/Fl) mice, disruption of N-myc, but not c-myc, inhibited the proliferative response to Shh. Conditional deletion of c...

During the last decade, reverse logistics networks received a considerable attention due to economic importance and environmental regulations and customer awareness. Integration of leading and reverse logistics networks during logistical network design is one of the most important factors in supply chain. In this research, an Integer Linear Programming model is presented to design a multi-layer...

The concentrations of substances participating in networks of chemical reactions are modeled by non-linear continuous-time differential equations. Recent work has demonstrated that genetic programming is capable of automatically creating complex networks (e.g., analog electrical circuits, controllers) whose behavior is modeled by linear and nonlinear continuous-time differential equations and w...

Calcium silicate (CaSiO3, CS) ceramic composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were prepared using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1150°C. Quantitative microstructural analysis suggests that GNP play a role in grain size and is responsible for the improved densification. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that GNP survived the harsh processing conditions o...

The focus of this research is to investigate the potential of using exfoliated graphene nanoplatelets, GNP, as the multifunctional reinforcement in fabricating polymer/GNP nanocomposites and then explore their prospective applications in bipolar plates for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Firstly, high density polyethylene (HDPE)/GNP nanocomposites were fabricated using the conven...

We present morphological and electrical characterization of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules covalently bound to two metal electrodes: an underlying gold surface and a gold nanoparticle (GNP). Conductive atomic force microscope (cAFM) with a metallized tip is used to perform current-voltage (I-V) measurements through dsDNA molecules, connected to GNPs of different diameters 5, 10 and 20 nm...

Gold nanoparticle (GNP) can be used as a radiation sensitizer in radiotherapy, and many Monte Carlo simulation studies have focused on this issue. A nanodosimetry biophysics Monte Carlo code NASIC was used in this work to study both the physical and biological radiosensitization effect of GNP in the cell environment under the irradiation of X-ray. GNP-cell models were built in the simulation wi...

OBJECTIVES To assess the cost-effectiveness of gemcitabine (G), G + 5-fluorouracil, G + capecitabine, G + cisplatin, G + oxaliplatin, G + erlotinib, G + nab-paclitaxel (GnP), and FOLFIRINOX in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer from a Canadian public health payer's perspective, using data from a recently published Bayesian network meta-analysis. METHODS Analysis was conducted through...