Glass ionomer cements have been used in pediatric restorative dentistry for 20 years. Their usefulness in pediatric restorative dentistry is preferential relative to other materials because of their fluoride release, chemical adhesion to tooth structure, and availability to use in a variety of clinical scenarios. This paper reviews the use of glass ionomer materials in pediatric restorative den...

The behavior of volatiles is crucial for understanding the evolution of the Earth's interior, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. Noble gases as neutral species can serve as probes and be used for examining gas solubility in silicate melts and structural responses to any gas inclusion. Here, we report experimental results that reveal a strong effect of helium on the intermediate range structural order...

An innovative route is reported to fabricate nano-particles in aqueous solution from oxyfluoride glass by the thermal induction and corrosion treatment in this letter. The investigations of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope based on nano-particles in glass ceramics (GCs) and aqueous solution indicate that the nano-particles formed in glass matrix during the thermal inductio...

Light cured glass ionomer cements offer improved handling characteristics. Photocuring within the cavity preparation may assist in decreasing the moisture contamination and dehydration difficulties associated with the early stage of setting reaction. The success of restoration depends on good adhesion between glass ionomer cement and the tooth structure. Various dentin conditioners have been ad...

We have used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to measure quantitatively enthalpic changes which accompany gel densification and have related these changes to the evolving gel structure using Raman spectroscopy, gas adsorption, and thermal analysis. We show that the network structure, which results principally from skeletal dehydration (via condensation) during gel densification, is consi...

characterization is a significant element which makes thecomparative study of akbar radi’s the persian heritage and tennessee williams’the glass menagerie, possible. the authors of this paper believe that tom inthe glass menagerie has different aspects of characterization which can befound in the form of different characters in radi’s the persian heritage. thisstudy is an attempt to analyze tom...

In this research work, silica nano-porous thin films were deposited on glass substrates by layer by layer method. The thin films were calcinated at various calcination temperatures (200, 300, 400, and 500 °C). The morphology, surface characteristics, surface roughness and hydrophilic properties of the thin films were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total ...