States’ growing dissatisfaction with the performance of European Court Human Rights – Governments’ commitment to reform process Threats exit that failed materialise Adaptation Hirschman’s exit–voice–loyalty framework explain states’ non-exit from Sufficiently effective voice, manifestations loyalty, and high costs as possible reasons behind inability achieve change in Court’s practice unilatera...

How do domestic political institutions, specifically veto players, mediate the effect of trade competition on regulatory races in the environmental area? Is the mediating effect more pronounced for more visible pollution issues such as air pollution in relation to less visible water pollution? Governments are expected to respond to trade pressures by lowering regulatory costs. To do so, governm...

The collaborative platform on clustering applications for governments consists of six large-scale systems, including the clustering Government Internet portal system, clustering public-mailboxes collaboration system, clustering government affairs portal system, clustering emergency information collaboration system, clustering office automation collaboration system, and clustering messages colla...

Governments started e-government strategies to renew the public sector and eliminate existing bureaucracy and therefore reduce costs. Plenty of electronic services were developed in order to meet these targets. Nowadays, organizations, governments, and cross-national bodies are turning their attention to the question of how we can create a sustainable society. So far, there was no effort on thi...

Governments all around the world are widely investing on the implementation of e government to advance services to citizens and minimize costs. Governments can progress effectiveness of their operations and can carry their administrative operations efficiently with the help of ICT. Electronic government perceived to provide a way for governments to renovate their operational activities to serve...

We study two governments, each considering whether or not to compete to attract a foreign monopoly Þrm into its own domestic market. The competition, should it occur, would involve offering incentives to the Þrm. The incentives, which are costly for the governments to provide, lower the Þrm’s marginal cost of production. Faced with the offers from each country, the Þrm must choose one of four o...

This paper shows that more than 80% of the E-Governments in the world are vulnerable to common Web-application attacks such as Cross Site Scripting and SQL injection. Industrialized countries were found to be more vulnerable than under-developed countries (90% vs. 50%). The paper also describes some malicious data mining possibilities on the Norwegian E-Government, and how information can be co...

The Governments Division of the U.S. Census Bureau publishes estimates of many aggregates. To achieve more accurate results with lower cost one goal of sampling is to minimize the number of smaller and non-contributory units in the overall design. Unfortunately, little research has been conducted to determine how to reduce smaller units. In this paper, we propose a numerical procedure based on ...

We provide a simple framework for comparing market allocations with government-regulated allocations. Governments can collect information about individuals’types and enforce transfers across individuals. Markets (without signi…cant government intervention) have to rely on transactions that are ex post bene…cial for individuals. Consequently, governments achieve better risk sharing and consumpti...