conclusions kmc is more effective, and increases exclusive breast feeding successfully. it can be a good substitution for cmc (conventional methods of care). it is a safe, effective, and feasible method of care for lbwi even in the nicu settings. background exclusive breastfeeding is one of the most important essential components of kangaroo mother care. objective this study was performed to ev...

OBJECTIVE To examine if individual risk of unplanned medical admissions (UMAs) was associated with municipality general practitioner (GP) or long-term care (LTC) volume among the entire Norwegian elderly population. DESIGN Cross-sectional population-based study. SETTING 428 of 430 Norwegian municipalities in 2009. PARTICIPANTS All Norwegians aged ≥65 years (n=721 915; 56% women-15% of the...

PCMH is being implemented in many settings, and the concept even appears in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. 6 However, implementing the PCMH model can be a major challenge, and many primary care practices may not be ready to undertake such a significant change in care delivery. This study evaluates the readiness of primary care practices for implementing PCMH and provides guidel...

The authors compared a case-crossover design, a case-time-control design, and a cohort design to evaluate the effect of nurse staffing level on the risk of nosocomial infections. They evaluated two strategies, conditional logistic regression and generalized estimating equation, to analyze the case-crossover study. The study was performed among critically ill patients in the medical intensive ca...

The subject of health care reform is much in our minds these days. On the one hand, it is difficult to find anyone who admits to being opposed to health care reform. On the other hand, I think we may all easily foresee it is going to be extremely difficult to come up with a health care reform program that will satisfy everyone. So, if almost everyone agrees it needs fixing, why is it so difficu...

Primarily, how well organization performs and handles the tough challenges does depend on how well the health care manager is educated and trained. The managers are expected to integrate modern business management practices with clinical and healthcare knowledge in hospital and health care institutions. All managers, irrespective of what they manage, perform four generic tasks (planning, organi...

The Republic of Ireland's Medico-Social Research Board spent over half of its £800,000 budget on setting up a hospital inpatient enquiry scheme because of a need "to study the cost effectiveness of health care". It emerged that in Ireland the number of hospital beds used daily per hundred thousand population was ten per cent higher than in Scotland mainly because Irish patients stayed in hospit...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the use in a psychiatric intensive care unit of a newly introduced seclusion room for the management of acutely disturbed and/or violent patients. METHOD A specially designed seclusion chart was used to document fully events immediately before, during, and immediately after seclusion. Data from the charts over a 6-month period provided the basis for the study. RESULTS ...