RATIONALE Iron deficiency without anemia is prevalent in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated with reduced exercise capacity and survival. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that iron deficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension and iron replacement is a possible therapeutic strategy. METHODS AND RESULTS Rats were fed an iron-deficient diet...

BACKGROUND Because propofol is water insoluble, current formulations of propofol use a soybean oil emulsion. These soybean emulsions cause elevated plasma triglycerides and support bacterial growth. This study compares an alternative formulation of propofol as a 2% emulsion in a medium-chain triglyceride solution (IDD-D Propofol) with Diprivan. METHODS This double-blind, crossover, phase 1 st...

This study was aimed to establish TSH dependent, transplantable thyroid tumor (TT) in B6CsF1 (BCF1) mice. In addition, transplanted TT was examined for its growth in mice given 17/3estradiol CE2), retinoic acid (RA), tamoxifen (TAM), Ts and T4. Both sexes of BCF1 mice were observed for 12 months under IDD and distilled water CDW), starting at 4 weeks of age. Groups of mice received an i.p. inje...

BACKGROUND Illicit drug overdose deaths (IDD) relate to individual drug dose and context of use, including use with other drugs and alcohol. IDD peaked in British Columbia (BC) in 1998 with 417 deaths, and continues to be a public health problem. The objective of this study was to examine IDD in 2006 in BC by place of residence, injury and death, decedents' age and sex and substances identified...

Low back pain is a major physical and socioeconomic problem. A significant percentage is attributable to internal disc disruption (IDD). The management of IDD has been limited to conservative treatment or to operative treatment. Intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET) is a new minimal-invasive therapy. In carefully selected patients, it could be an effective treatment alternative. Further stu...

iodine deficiency disorders are among the most important health problems in iran. use of iodized salt is one of the oldest, most convenient and cheapest ways of idd control, although not very easy to implement. factors such as the chemical form of iodine, heat moisture, light and storage affect its stability. in this survey, salt iodine content at production site and the effect of heat, moistur...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the utility of a two-phase case detection strategy for major depressive disorder and a quantitative self-rating instrument for dysphoria. METHODS A convenience sample of 302 ambulatory patients received three self-administered depression rating instruments: a modified version of the Dartmouth Cooperative (COOP) Functional Health Assessment Chart ...

OBJECTIVE Using a dynamic computed tomographic perfusion (CTP) imaging method to explore the age-related distribution of the microcirculation perfusion function in the vertebral marrow, the bone material density (BMD), and the intervertebral discal degeneration (IDD). Further, to discuss a possible causation relationship between them. METHODS One hundred and eighty-six people were randomly en...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Inhibition of PD1-PDL1 signaling in NOD mice accelerates onset of type 1 diabetes implicating this pathway in suppressing the emergence of pancreatic beta cell reactive T-cells. However, the molecular mechanism by which PD1 signaling protects from type 1 diabetes is not clear. We hypothesized that differential susceptibility of Idd mouse strains to type 1 diabetes when challenge...