Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) in long-term is associated with learning and memory decline. Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug with antioxidant and memory-improving effects. Thus, this research study was conducted to assess the effect of metformin on learning and memory in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In the present study, male Wistar rats (n=32) were randomly assign...

W.-B. Lee and C.-C. Chang (1998) proposed a very efficient group signature scheme based on the discrete logarithm problem. This scheme was subsequently improved by Y.-M. Tseng and J.-K. Jan (1999) so that the resulting group signatures are unlinkable. In this paper, we show that any obvious attempt to make unlinkable the Lee-Chang signatures would likely fail. More importantly, we show that bot...

[A] Inner boundary localization: Edges are obtained over thresholded image using Sobel filters. Hough transform is improved by using the orientation of each pixel to reduce the search space from 3D i.e 3-tuple < x, y, r > to 1D of the radius only. It makes use of the key observation that “if an edge point lies on a circle, then the center of circle should lie on the normal to the edge direction...

The amino acid sequence of neuropeptide Y, a 36-residue peptide recently isolated from porcine brain, has been determined by using high performance liquid chromatography for separation of its tryptic and chymotryptic fragments and subsequent sequence analysis of the isolated fragments by an improved dansyl Edman subtractive technique. The amino acid sequence of neuropeptide Y has been found to ...

We consider the approximate solution of integral equations of the form y(t) /if k(t,s)y(s)ds = f(t), where the conditions on k(t,s) are such that kernels of the Wiener-Hopf form k(t, s) = n(t s) are included in the analysis. The finite-section approximation, in which the infinite integral is replaced by }§ for some ß > 0, yields an approximate solution _Vß(t) that is known, under very general c...

Traditionally, brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) extract motor commands from a single brain to control the movements of artificial devices. Here, we introduce a Brainet that utilizes very-large-scale brain activity (VLSBA) from two (B2) or three (B3) nonhuman primates to engage in a common motor behaviour. A B2 generated 2D movements of an avatar arm where each monkey contributed equally to X and...

Recent advances in semi-supervised learning with deep generative models have shown promise in generalizing from small labeled datasets (xl,yl) to large unlabeled ones (xu). When the codomain (y) has known structure, a large unfeatured dataset (yu) is potentially available. We develop a parameter-efficient, deep semisupervised generative model for the purpose of exploiting this untapped data sou...

If the signal y has been marked and no malicious attacks or other signal modifications are performed, then E [y ⋅ w] = δ, else E [y ⋅ w] = 0. The threshold for detection is τ. The watermark is present if C (y, w) > τ. Under the conditions that x and w are i.i.d. signals, such a detection scheme is optimal. It is believed that spread spectrum (SS) method of watermarking can incorporate a high de...

The advent of improved durability pigments has resulted in the increased use of fluorescent colored materials in safety and warning applications (e.g., high-priority traffic signs; safety vests). Yet, little is known about the relationship between the visual effectiveness of fluorescent colored materials and their photometric properties. Archival data sets were reanalyzed to assess the appropri...