We studied three patients with spontaneous mesencephalic hemorrhages. All presented with some degree of impaired consciousness and abnormal ocular movements. One patient had a convergence-retraction nystagmus with a unilateral hemorrhage confined to the dorsal midbrain. Another patient showed left third nerve palsy due to a unilateral hemorrhage that involved ventral midbrain. The third patient...

A 43-year-old man was admitted for head trauma after falling backward. The patient complained of diplopia. Unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) was diagnosed during the neurologic examination. Initially, no specific finding was shown on T2-weighted, T1-weighted, and fluid attenuated inversion recovery brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) or brain computed tomography (CT). However, susc...

Diplopia, nystagmus, visual hallucinations, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia developed in a 30-year-old woman 84 days after she received a matched, unrelated bone marrow transplant for chronic myeloid leukemia. A regimen of tacrolimus had been administered since the transplantation was performed. MR imaging revealed bilaterally symmetric regions of signal abnormality with abnormal contrast enha...

A 76-year-old man with hypertension suddenly developed horizontal diplopia. Examination disclosed adduction deficit of left eye without dissociated abducting nystagmus and ocular tilt reaction (OTR) (video). The impaired adduction was similar for saccades, smooth pursuit, the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and convergence. Vertical eye movements were normal. Diffusion-weighted MRI demonstrated a circ...

A 35-year-old female with pyoderma gangrenosum developed paraparesis with a sensory level at L1. Three months later she complained of diplopia and was found to have bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia with exotropia and no ocular convergence. The term Webino syndrome has been coined to design this set of neuro-ophthalmologic findings. Although it was initially attributed to lesions affecting...

In this article, the crossed syndromes of Millard-Gubler (facial palsy and contralateral hemiparesis), Foville (facial palsy, conjugate gaze paralysis, and contralateral hemiparesis), Weber (oculomotor palsy and contralateral hemiparesis), and Raymond-Cestan (internuclear ophthalmoplegia and contralateral hemiparesis) are detailed from the original reports. These and other related syndromes wer...