OBJECTIVE To devise a reliable, sensitive method to measure joint space in vivo during dynamic loading. Additionally, to determine if dynamic joint space changes were related to the severity of long-term cartilage damage. DESIGN Subjects were 23 adult foxhounds (18 experimental, 5 control). Experimental subjects had surgically transected cranial cruciate ligaments (CCL). Dynamic joint space w...

The efficacy of biological therapeutics against cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis is restricted by the limited transport of macromolecules through the dense, avascular extracellular matrix. The availability of biologics to cell surface and matrix targets is limited by steric hindrance of the matrix, and the microstructure of matrix itself can be dramatically altered by joint injury and th...

OBJECTIVES A key clinical paradox in osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent age-related joint disorder characterised by cartilage degeneration and debilitating pain, is that the severity of joint pain does not strictly correlate with radiographic and histological defects in joint tissues. Here, we determined whether protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), a key mediator of cartilage degeneration, is critical to th...

OBJECTIVE Acute articular injuries lead to an increased risk of progressive joint damage and osteoarthritis (OA), and no therapies are currently available to repair or protect the injured joint tissue. Intraarticular delivery of therapeutic proteins has been limited by their rapid clearance from the joint space and lack of retention within cartilage. The aim of this study was to test whether ta...

We studied changes in chondrocyte gene expression, aggrecan degradation, and aggrecanase production and activity in normal and mechanically injured cartilage co-cultured with joint capsule tissue. Chondrocyte expression of 21 genes was measured at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24h after treatment; clustering analysis enabled identification of co-expression profiles. Aggrecan fragments retained in cartila...

Due to an increasing life expectance, osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common chronic diseases. Although strong efforts have been made to regenerate degenerated joint cartilage, OA is a progressive and irreversible disease up to date. Among other factors the dysbalance between free radical burden and cellular scavenging mechanisms defined as oxidative stress is a relevant part of OA patho...

BACKGROUND Ochronosis is connective tissue manifestation of Alkaptonuria. Joint involvement specially hip and knee destruction is seen. The cartilage is pigmented and destroyed. It is interested for both pathologists and orthopedic surgeons. CASE PRESENTATION A 54 years old woman with hip fracture after simple falling is candidate for surgery, but, after skin and subcutaneous incision over de...

Cartilage material properties provide important insights into joint health, and cartilage material models are used in whole-joint finite element models. Although the biphasic model representing experimental creep indentation tests is commonly used to characterize cartilage, cartilage short-term response to loading is generally not characterized using the biphasic model. The purpose of this stud...

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive fibrillation and erosion of the cartilage tissue, sclerosis of the subchondral bone, osteophyte production at the joint margins, moderate synovitis and fibrosis of the joint capsule [15, 18, 31]. OA affects more than 20% of dogs older than one year and a post-mortem study on 2000 dogs estimated cartilage damage was...

Osteoarthritis (OA) represents failure of the diarthrodial (synovial) joint. Although the pathologic hallmark of OA is the progressive lost of articular cartilage over the habitually loaded areas of the joint surface, OA is not a disease of only tissue cartilage, it affects all of the tissues of the joint, including the synovium, subchondral bone, capsule, ligaments, periarticular muscles and t...