Resilience can have desirable and undesirable consequences. Thus, resilience should not be viewed as a normative desirable goal, but as a descriptor of complex systems dynamics. From this perspective, we apply resilience thinking concepts to assess the dynamics of inequality, spatial segregation, and sustainability in Chile’s capital city of Santiago. Chile’s economy boosted since democracy was...

The fact of growth of inequality in distribution of income both inside the national economies and between the countries is confirmed by many empirical studies. In particular, these are annual reports of the World Bank, UNIDO and European Commission. The growth of inequality in distribution of income causes social tension inside the countries and promotes conflicts between the countries. Entrepr...

Multivariate indices of polarization are constructed to measure effects of non-income attributes like wealth and education. Polarization is considered as the presence of groups which are internally homogeneous, externally heterogeneous, and of similar size. We propose a class of polarization indices which is built from measures of relative groups size and from decomposable indices of socio-econ...

this paper investigates asymmetric behaviors of income inequality and consumption expenditures inequalities, the relationships between them and sketches their trends in the iranian households’ survey for the period of 1979 to 2006. for this purpose, and to analyze the relationships between variables panel data methodology was employed. results indicate that all the fluctuations of income inequa...

    This paper aims to focus on inclusive growth and its impact on multidimensional poverty and inequality in Iran's provinces on the basis of social mobility index. The results suggest, that although the multi-dimensional poverty has decreased, participation of active labor force has a decisive role in inclusive growth and reduction of absolute multi-dimensional poverty of the provinces. But l...

Multivariate indices of polarization are constructed to measure effects of non-income attributes like wealth and education. Adopting the view of Esteban and Ray (1994), polarization is considered as the presence of groups which are internally homogeneous, externally heterogeneous, and of similar size. We propose a class of polarization indices which is built from measures of relative groups siz...