We describe a Prolog-based approach to the development of language processors (such as preprocessors, frontends, evaluators, tools for software modification and analysis). The design of the corresponding environment Laptob for prological language processing is outlined. Language processor definitions in Laptob are basically Prolog programs. The programs might contain grammars, that is, we consi...

A meta-level extension of a logic programming language is presented. The resulting language, called 'LOG (read quote-log), provides meta-programming facilities similar to those of Prolog while preserving a declarative logical semantics. It also offers new meta-programming opportunities as compared with Prolog due to its ability to treat whole programs, i.e. sequences of clauses, as data objects...

A uniform treatment is presented of specifications, programs, and programming for communicating processes with machine state. The treatment is based on addition of a specification statement to a CSP-like language. The extended language is viewed as a specification language in which programs are identified with a subclass of specifications. A semantics is provided and here a selection of sound r...

The VerCors tool implements thread-modular static verification of concurrent programs, annotated with functional properties and heap access permissions. The tool supports both generic multithreaded and vector-based programming models. In particular, it can verify multithreaded programs written in Java, specified with JML extended with separation logic. It can also verify parallelizable programs...

A data dictionary system with a query compiler is implemented in a symbol manipulation language, separate from the underlying database system. The query compiler (or program generator) generates COBOL programs for database access. These programs are optimized at generation time using information from the data dictionary. The implementation technique makes it possible to combine pilot implementa...

the development of materials for language teaching has been retraced from different perspectives. for example, some have identified influences of a social view on designing course books and compiling materials for language classes. the purpose of this article is to focus on the specific case of elt material, its design and priorities in the context of iran. this article also offers a detailed a...

Master`s degree was integrated into the system of Russian Higher Education several decades ago, however, teaching foreign languages at this level still needs further analysis including the postgraduate law students training. The article investigates the principal components of foreign language teaching in Master of laws Graduate Programs (considering the case of the English language) on the bas...

Background: English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses should empower students to satisfy their language needs. However, at many Iranian universities, these courses are mostly taught based on the Grammar Translation Method focusing on teaching grammatical rules and reading comprehension. The present study aims at proposing an innovative approach for teaching English to Medical students that ca...

Previously, we defined the small Vapid programming language. Since the language has a finite number of programs, its syntax was very easy to define: just list all the programs! In turn it was straightforward to define its evaluation function by cases, literally enumerating the results for each individual program. Finally, since the evaluator was defined by listing out the individual cases (prog...