A dry general circulation model is used to investigate how coupling between the stratospheric polar vortex and the extratropical tropospheric circulation depends on the latitude of the tropospheric jet. The tropospheric response to an identical stratospheric vortex configuration is shown to be strongest for a jet centered near 408 and weaker for jets near either 308 or 508 by more than a factor...

A time series of oxygen isotope (d18O) measurements of a coral from the northern Red Sea (RS) is presented and used as a direct proxy for water surface density rs. With a relatively constant subsurface density, the generated surface density time series closely tracks water mass formation variability. Two positive and two negative high-amplitude rs anomalies are studied, and associated atmospher...

Abstract An intriguing aspect of the famous September 2, 1859 geomagnetic disturbance (or “Carrington” event) is horizontal magnetic ( B H ) data set measured in Colaba, India (magnetic latitude approximately 20°N). The field exhibits a sharp decrease over 1,600 nT and quick recovery about 1,300 nT, all within few hours during daytime. mechanism behind this has previously been attributed to mag...

1. introduction the position of iran in the subtropical region that has made its arid and semiarid climate and the topographic diversity changes this trend of climate. therefore, climate hazards such as frost, flood, dust storm, drought, temperature anomalies, heavy rainfall, avalanches, snow, sleet, etc occur in iran. the northwest of iran experiences the above conditions following the arrival...

We generate trajectories in storm-resolving simulations order to quantify the effect of ice microphysics on tropical upper-tropospheric cloud-radiative heating. The pressure and flow field tracked along are used run different microphysical schemes, both one- two-moment formulations within Icosahedral Non-hydrostatic Model model a separate offline box (CLaMS-Ice). This computational approach all...

[1] Conflicting interpretations of the spring ozone maximum observed at Bermuda (32 N, 65 W) have fueled the debate on stratospheric influence versus tropospheric production as sources of tropospheric ozone. We use a global three-dimensional (3-D) model of tropospheric ozone-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry driven by assimilated meteorological observations to reconcile these past interpretations. The ...

This paper discusses Rossby wave breaking on the isentropic surfaces that intersect the subtropical tropopause, using winds and isentropic potential vorticity from high-resolution meteorological analysis. The focus is both on particular aspects of individual wave breaking events, as well as on more general aspects such as the spatial and temporal distribution of the mixing associated with these...

The Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers-2 (MOZART-2) is used to examine the evolution of pollutant O3 in the upper troposphere over the Indian region. Vertical profiles of ozone mixing ratio retrieved from Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) aboard Earth Observing System (EOS) AURA satellite for the period 2005–2009 and Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) aboard (EOS) AURA for the period...

Decadal variability of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnection to the high-latitude South Pacific is examined by correlating the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) 40-yr Re-Analysis (ERA-40) and observations with the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) over the last two decades. There is a distinct annual contrast between the 1980s and the 1990s, with the str...