In multivariate calibration using a spectral dataset, it is difficult to optimize nonsystematic parameters in a quantitative model, i.e., spectral pretreatment, latent factors and variable selection. In this study, we describe a novel and systematic approach that uses a processing trajectory to select three parameters including different spectral pretreatments, variable importance in the projec...

In the title compound, C(29)H(23)N, the planar [maximum deviation from the least squares plane = 0.056 (1) Å] indole ring makes dihedral angles of 83.4 (4), 69.9 (1) and 59.9 (1)°, with the least-squares planes of three benzene rings. The mol-ecular packing is stabilized by weak inter-molecular C-H⋯π inter-actions.

a watershed management program is usually based on the results of watershed modeling. accurate modeling results are decided by the appropriate parameters and input data. precipitation is the most important input for watershed modeling. precipitation characteristics usually exhibit significant spatial variation, even within small watersheds. therefore, properly describing the spatial variation o...

International comparisons of dairy sires for production, type, health, and management traits often rely on regression-based conversion equations. Conversion equations are generally calculated using least squares regression, a procedure that is highly susceptible to outlier data points. Outliers can correspond to sires with unusually high or low estimated breeding values in the importing country...

A technique is described that reŽ nes the standard sugar  otation procedure used to isolate nematodes from their surroundings. By centrifuging nematodes in a number of increasing speciŽ c gravity solutions and plotting the fraction  oating, the cumulative probability distribution of the population’s speciŽ c gravity is generated. By assuming normality, the population mean, m , and standard de...

Pedomodels have become a popular topic in soil science and environmentalresearch. They are predictive functions of certain soil properties based on other easily orcheaply measured properties. The common method for fitting pedomodels is to use classicalregression analysis, based on the assumptions of data crispness and deterministic relationsamong variables. In modeling natural systems such as s...