introduction: the use of lasers for treatment has become a common phenomenon in the medical field. currently, numerous laser systems are available for dental use. the use of lasers for periodontal treatment becomes more complicated because the periodontium consists of both hard and soft tissues. methods: related articles were gathered and selected carefully and reviewed. among the many lasers a...

introduction: dentin hypersensitivity is one of the most common complications that affect patients after periodontal therapy. recently low level laser therapy has been introduced as a new treatment modality and has produced beneficial results. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of low level laser therapy toothbrushes in reduction of dentin hypersensitivity. methods: in this pil...

increased duration of fixed orthodontic treatments leads to increased tooth root degeneration, gum inflammation and tooth caries. to decrease the time period of orthodontic treatment, it is essential to facilitate tooth movement or in other words increase the speed of bone remodeling. use of low level laser therapy is a method for achieving this goal.

In order to make precise measurements of laser frequencies in the infrared region, it is generally necessary to run a laser cw at a low power level. This is done to insure frequency stability that is very hard to obtain in high-power, Q-switched lasers. Microwave techniques such as heterodyning can be used for extremely accurate measurements of absolute laser frequencies, provided a radiation d...

in this paper, the output power behavior of the wave-guide cw-co2 laser versus efficient parameters of laser performance was investigated. the output power variation versus the discharge current, the pressure and the gas mixture ratio was studied and optimized. the maximum output powers of 6 and 14.5 w were respectively obtained at operating pressures 78 and 50 mbar in two tubes of 3 mm same di...

We studied the protective effects of low power He-Ne laser irradiation on erythrocytes against the damage caused by experimental artificial heart-lung machines. The erythrocyte suspension in a closed circuit was perfused with a roller pump. One of two circuits was used for laser treatment and the other for control. The laser group demonstrated significantly higher erythrocyte deformability and ...

This report is a discussion, evaluation and comparison of potential sources of electrical power for small mobile systems. Power sources are an inevitable challenge in the design of portable and small mobile systems, especially robotic systems. Power systems cannot be an afterthought and, if left to final design stages, can result in severe and adverse effects on the system, such as excess weigh...