Surgical robots are becoming more common in the operating room. Although surgeons utilize these robots for improved dexterity, scalable movements, and enhanced vision, they lose their sense of tactile and haptic feedback [1]. Okamura demonstrated a negative consequence of this by showing that forces exerted during robotic sutures significantly exceed that of hand sutures [2]. This excess in for...

Cylindrical thin-walled tubes due to construction and easy installation, high energy absorption capacity are used in the automotive industry as an impact energy absorber. However, the main weakness of cylindrical tubes is in the high initial peak load. Therefore, in this paper, to overcome this weakness, a buckling initiator is used at the top of the tube. This buckling initiator is a steel rod...

The effect of cell size on the out of plane compressive crushing response of circular cell polycarbonate honeycomb is presented. Over 100 experiments were conducted on specimens ranging in size from 1 to 169 cells (number of cells=N). Experiments showed that for N<19 there was a significant increase in crushing load. The maximum crushing load was observed where N=7. Finite element (FE) analysis...

Front rail is a key assembly for the frontal impact of vehicle. In this work, based on information benchmark vehicles and high-strength steels, front rails are designed to improve crash performance vehicle reduce its structural mass (SM). First, finite element analysis (FEA) carried out, dynamic drop testings performed verify accuracy model. Then, sectional dimensions, materials thicknesses ten...

This work investigates some global questions about cosmological spacetimes with two dimensional spherical, plane and hyperbolic symmetry containing matter. The result is, that these spacetimes admit a global foliation by prescribed mean curvature surfaces, which extends at least towards a crushing singularity. The time function of the foliation is geometrically defined and unique up to the choi...

Purpose – To define availability importance measures in order to calculate the criticality of each component or subsystem from the availability point of view and also to demonstrate the application of such importance measures for achieving optimal resource allocation to arrive at the best possible availability. Design/methodology/approach – In this study the availability importance measures of ...

Most lizards feed on a variety of food items that may differ dramatically in their physical and behavioral characteristics. Several lizard families are known to feed upon hard-shelled prey (durophagy). Yet, specializations toward true molluscivory have been documented for only a few species. As snails are hard and brittle food items, it has been suggested that a specialized cranial morphology, ...

The kinematics and dynamics of two industrial cooperating robots are presented in this paper. The NOC (natural orthogonal complement) method is used to derive the dynamical equations for the motion of two cooperating robots. The joint torques of the two robots are determined based on the optimization techniques in order to obtain unique solution for joint torques. To this end, minimizing the cr...