Objectives Modelling microscopic properties of rock allows simulation of non-linear and complex macroscopic behaviour. Rather than specifying a "true" representation of rock at a microscopic scale, models use empirical properties at a mesoscopic scale such that the correct macroscopic behaviour is simulated. The objectives of the session \Modelling the micro-physics underlying earthquake nuclea...

The humidity present in ambient atmosphere affects the adhesion of small particles by causing capillary bridge formation between the particle and the surface. Even in moderate relative humidities this, usually attractive, force can have a significant effect on adhesion behaviour of micro and sub-micro particles. We have directly measured the pull-off forces of initially adhered oxide particles ...

An air–sea interaction model that includes turbulent transport due to capillary waves (surface ripples) is developed. The model differs from others in that the physical premises are applicable to low wind speeds (10-m wind speed, U10 , 5 m s21) as well as higher wind speeds. Another new feature of the model is an anisotropic roughness length, which allows a crosswind component of the stress to ...

The Colorado State University standard mesoscale model is used to evaluate the sensitivity of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) fields to differences in surface-layer parameterization “constants”. Such differences reflect the range in the published values of the von Karman constant, Monin-Obukhov stability functions and the temperature roughness length at the surface. The sensitivit...

Various studies investigating the future impacts of integrating high levels of renewable energy make use of historical meteorological (met) station data to produce estimates of future generation. Hourly means of 10m horizontal wind are extrapolated to a standard turbine hub height using the wind profile power or log law and used to simulate the hypothetical power output of a turbine at that loc...

Cutting edge preparation has become more important for tool performance. The micro-shape, radius and surface topography of the cutting play a significant role in machining process. solid carbide end mills some micro-defects after grinding. For eliminating aforementioned problem, this study investigates drag finishing (DF) to reconstruct micro-geometry. This paper is present design DF experiment...

The surface coating properties of turbine blades are highly dependent on the material’s roughness, and femtosecond laser-induced micro-structure can provide a wide range roughness with periodicity. However, precise control is difficult. In this paper, we extend application two-temperature model combine it experiments to accurately reveal evolution law depth at different single pulse energies, a...