introduction: bleaching process can affect surface roughness of enamel, which is a vital factor in esthetic and resistance of tooth. the aim of this study was to compare surface roughness of enamel in teeth bleached using diode and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (nd: yag) lasers with those bleached using conventional method. methods: in this study, 75 anterior human teeth from upper a...

the micro milling operation is one of the manufacturing processes, which can produce 3d parts in the range of less than a millimetre. miniaturization of components results in increasing the ratio of surface area to volume of components, which in turn increases the role of surface on the component performance. therefore, anticipating the relationship between micro milling parameters and surface ...

abstract background and aim: one of the major problems with resin composite restorations is the weakness of bonding between the new and aged composites. since appropriate micromechanical retention is necessary for the repair of aged resin composite restorations, the level of surface roughness after sandblasting can be influential in this regard. considering the diverse composition of available ...

Since commercially available profiling systems fail when determining the surface roughness of 3D additive manufactured porous structures, a novel protocol for surface roughness quantification of these porous structures has been developed based on high-resolution micro-CT images. The influence of the noise in the images and the spatial image resolution on the accuracy of the micro-CT-based rough...

Tool wear, minimum chip thickness and micro tool geometry are found to have a significant influence on the surface roughness through experimental analysis of the micro-end-milling process. To address these issues, a surface roughness model is developed and validated in this present work. Firstly, experimental analysis for the tool wear and surface roughness was performed based on the micro-end-...

Abstract Background and Aim: One of the major problems with resin composite restorations is the weakness of bonding between the new and aged composites. Since appropriate micromechanical retention is necessary for the repair of aged resin composite restorations, the level of surface roughness after sandblasting can be influential in this regard. Considering the diverse composition of avail...

The rapid growth of applications of lab-on-chip and bio-MEMES (Micro-electromechanical systems), arranging from cell culture and drug delivery to the microscale energy harvesting, microelectronics cooling, requires an understanding of microfluidic flow. Surface roughness, even at micro and nano scale, both deterministic and random, is considered an important parameter to affect fluid flow at th...

Surface roughness (texture) has an effect on fluid flow in networks which has been studied for well over a century. The exact effect roughness has on fluid flow has not been completely understood, but a working estimate has been offered by a variety of authors over time. The work of Colebrook, Nikuradse, and Moody has provided practitioners with a method to include at least a first order estima...

That surface roughness has an effect on fluid flow in networks has been understood for well over a century. The exact effect roughness has on fluid flow has not been completely understood, but a working estimate has been offered by a variety of authors over time. The work of Colebrook, Nikuradse, and Moody has provided practitioners with a method to include at least a first order estimate of ro...

A numerical simulation of micro Poiseuille flow has performed for rarefied and compressible flow at slip flow regimes. The wall roughness is simulated in two cases with triangular microelements and random micro peaks distributed on wall surfaces to study the effects of roughness shape and distribution on flow field. Two values of Mach and Knudsen numbers have used to investigate the effects of ...