The cytoskeleton is an important factor in the functional and structural adaption of cells to mechanical forces. In this study we investigated the impact of microtubules and the acto-myosin machinery on the kinetics of force-induced reorientation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts. These cells were subjected to uniaxial stretching forces that are known to induce cellular reorientation perpendicular to the s...

[1] Vesta’s large southern hemisphere impact basin is likely to have caused reorientation. However, because the basin is not centred at the south pole, Vesta likely also has a remnant rotational figure. Reorientation of ≈6° is predicted to have occurred based on the dimensions of the basin. Existing measurements of Vesta’s shape are consistent with ≈20° or less reorientation, and ≈20% or less d...

In several situations, the newer implications abutted to replace the historic thinking and practice but in fewer incidences, it challenged the fundamental science. Many newer perceptions have questioned essentials. The views hurled when evidence based, and research documents blurred on the fundamental theories and clinical steps followed over the years. The older measures are replaced by newer ...

OBJECTIVE Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) show poorer balance and greater incidence of falls while turning. We investigated whether a disturbance in timing and sequence of reorientation of body segments is a potential cause of turning difficulty in PD and is altered by levodopa. METHODS The sequence and timing of segmental reorientation during 45° and 90° walking turns were recorded...

Thermal treatment can improve the dimensional stability of wood, but it also decreases wood’s toughness, or increases its brittleness. In this paper, combining FTIR spectroscopy and mechanical analysis were used to monitor wood molecular straining deepen micromechanical understanding thermally-treated wood. The degradation hemicellulose increased as thermal temperature increase, 220 °C led cell...

It has been found that disoriented children could use geometric information in combination with landmark information to reorient themselves in large but not in small experimental spaces. We tested domestic chicks in the same task and found that they were able to conjoin geometric and nongeometric (landmark) information to reorient themselves in both the large and the small space used. Moreover,...

When mobile organisms are spatially disoriented, for instance by rapid repetitive movement, they must re-establish orientation. Past research has shown that the geometry of enclosing spaces is consistently used for reorientation by a wide variety of species, but that non-geometric features are not always used. Based on these findings, some investigators have postulated a species-universal 'geom...

Proponents of a geometric module claim that human adults accomplish spatial reorientation in a fundamentally different way than young children and nonhuman animals do. However, reporting two experiments that used a conflict paradigm, this article shows striking similarities between human adults and young children, as well as nonhuman animals. Specifically, Experiment 1 demonstrates that adults ...