......................................................................................................................... viii CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ..................................................................... 1 Microchannels in Biomedical Devices .................................................................................. 1 Research Motivation ............................

Synthesis of nano-twinned pure Cu by Lu et al. [L. Lu, R. Schwaiger, Z. W. Shan, M. Dao, K. Lu, S. Suresh, Nano-sized twins induce high rate sensitivity of flow stress in pure copper, Acta Mater. 53 (2005) 2169–2179] has produced materials with extremely attractive properties of combined high strength, strain rate sensitivity, and ductility adequate for applications. This note explores the unde...

Compared with UV embossing and micro-contact imprinting, hot embossing technology is the first to be used in nano-imprint lithography, and is access to copying the parallel structure in micro-nano-scale at low cost and relatively faster speed. This paper explores which factors influence some pattern transferring accuracy appearing in the experiment: the adhesion between mold and polymethyl meth...

Nano-twinned copper exhibits an unusual combination of ultrahigh strength and high ductility, along with increased strain-rate sensitivity. We develop a mechanistic framework for predicting the rate sensitivity and elucidating the origin of ductility in terms of the interactions of dislocations with interfaces. Using atomistic reaction pathway calculations, we show that slip transfer reactions ...

Chromatographic separation and detection of nonfluorescent molecules were integrated in a nanochannel. Our method, extended-nano chromatography realized high-performance separation using pressure-driven flow in a 100-nm scale nanochannel. A photothermal detector, differential interference contrast thermal lens microscope (DIC-TLM) was employed for detection of nonfluorescent samples. In particu...

Concerns about the environmental risks of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) are growing, however, currently very little is known about their concentrations in the environment. Here, we calculate the concentrations of five ENM (nano-TiO2, nano-ZnO, nano-Ag, CNT and fullerenes) in environmental and technical compartments using probabilistic material-flow modelling. We apply the newest data on ENM pr...

We show that molecular dynamics simulations can furnish useful boundary conditions at a solid surface bounding a two-component fluid. In contrast to some previous reports, convective-diffusive flow is consistent with continuum equations down to atomic scales. However, concentration gradients can produce flow without viscous dissipation that is inconsistent with the commonly used Navier slip con...

The use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in diverse applications has increased during the last years and this will likely continue in the near future. As the number of applications increase, more and more waste with nanomaterials will be generated. A portion of this waste will enter the recycling system, for example, in electronic products, textiles and construction materials. The fate of the...