Ypsolopha kotzschi (Toll, 1947) was described from a single male collected by H. Kotzsch and his wife in the Kuh-iMirabi Mountains (mountain range between Mashhad and Neyshãbũr), NE Iran in 1938. The specimen was transported on cotton wool. This preparation resulted in its poor condition (antennae almost completely destroyed). No additional specimens have been reported since. The original descr...

BACKGROUND Pain is the most common complication of orthodontic treatment. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been suggested as a new analgesic treatment free of the adverse effects of analgesic medications. However, it is not studied thoroughly, and the available studies are quite controversial. Moreover, helium neon (He-Ne) laser has not been assessed before. METHODS This split-mouth placebo...

Safevilerden itibaren ordusunu kuvvetli bir hale getirip doğuda hâkim güç olmak için gayret sarf eden İran, bölgede kurduğu farklı hanedanlıkların iktidarında çeşitli askeri modernizasyon süreçleri geçirdi. Ancak Kaçar Hanedanlığı İran’da iktidara gelene kadar bu süreçler, planlı ve kapsamlı süreçler olmadı. Feth Ali Şah’ın tahta çıkışıyla beraber Kaçarlar, dönemin paradigma ordularından alacak...

Introduction: Barrel cortex of rats is a part of somatosensory cortex, which receives information from facial whiskers. Vibrisectomy by sensory deprivation leads to some changes in the barrel cortex, which have been known as experience dependent plasticity. On the other hand, Norepinephrine (NE) and locus coeruleus, which is the main source of NE, influenced response properties of cortical bar...