Hypercritical accretion flows onto stellar mass black holes (BHs) are commonly considered as a promising model of central engines of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this model a certain fraction of gravitational binding energy of accreting matter is deposited to the energy of relativistic jets via neutrino annihilation and/or magnetic fields. However, some recent studies have indicated that the ene...

We investigate the escape of species from Io's atmosphere using a steady-state model of Io's exospheric corona and its interaction with the Io plasma torus. The corona is assumed to be spherically symmetric with the radial density and compositional structure determined by the gas kinetic temperature, critical level radius, and mixing ratios of the component species. Thermal and nonthermal escap...

execution of every planned program in cities has different process. process involves inhabitant's preferences, capacity of area or neighborhood, scale of people participation. after these strategies plans will prepared and executors apply them. planning in city scale considering potentials of area and participation of people is very important stage to eliminate undesirable appearances of c...

امروزه استفاده از محرک­های پلاسمایی جریان متناوب نسبت به جریان مستقیم، جهت کنترل فعال جریان، متداول­تر بوده و تقریبأ هیچ کار تحقیقی بر روی پلاسمای جریان مستقیم انجام نگرفته است. در این مقاله با استفاده از یک منبع تغذیه جریان مستقیم و هندسه های گوناگون، خصوصیات پلاسما در هر دو حالت corona و dbd (dielectric barrier discharge)  مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. با استفاده از نتایج این پژوهش مشخص شد که جریان ...

Microresonators have been utilized to construct optical interconnection networks. One of the drawbacks of these microresonators is that they suffer from intrinsic crosstalk noise and power loss, resulting in Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) reduc-tion and system performance degradation at the network level. The novel contribution of this paper is to systematically study the worst-case crosstalk nois...

The neighborhood has had a long history in Iranian urbanization. Since urban plans wereintroduced by the authorities to shape urban development in Iran half a century ago, the concept of Iranian traditional neighborhood has been neglected gradually. The concept of neighborhood has not found the appropriate status in urban design and planning yet. One of the main reasons is that academics, profe...

We revisit in more detail a model for element abundance fractionation in the solar chromosphere, that gives rise to the “FIP Effect” in the solar corona and wind. Elements with first ionization potential below about 10 eV, i.e. those that are predominantly ionized in the chromosphere, are enriched in the corona by a factor 3-4. We model the propagation of Alfvén waves through the chromosphere u...

This paper adds evidence structure to standard models of belief, in the form of families of sets of worlds. We show how these more fine-grained models support natural actions of “evidence management”, ranging from update with external new information to internal rearrangement. We show how this perspective leads to new richer languages for existing neighborhood semantics for modal logic. Our mai...

In this paper we propose a general variable neighborhood search approach for the balanced location problem. Next to large shaking neighborhoods, the embedded variable neighborhood descent utilizes three neighborhood structures that focus on different solution aspects. By a computational study, we show that this VNS outperforms existing methods with respect to average solution quality and stabil...