Lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIB) have governed the current worldwide rechargeable battery market due to their outstanding energy and power capability. In particular, the LIB’s role in enabling electric vehicles (EVs) has been highlighted to replace the current oil-driven vehicles in order to reduce the usage of oil resources and generation of CO 2 gases. Unlike Li, sodium is one of the more abu...

Pepper vein banding virus (PVBV), a member of the genus potyvirus, is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus and it primarily infects plants of the family Solanaceae. Genome organization and gene expression strategy of the potyviruses are similar to the picornaviruses, although they infect widely different hosts and have distinctly different morphologies. The genomic RNA of PVBV has a viral...

prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons in vivo, intracellular recordings coupled with neurobiotin injection were performed in anesthetized rats. Three main classes of pyramidal cells were distinguished according to both their firing patterns in response to depolarizing current pulses and the characteristics of their action potentials: regular spiking (RS, n = 71); intrinsic (inactivating) bursting...

We use the CDIMA chemical reaction and the Lengyel-Epstein model of this reaction to study resonant responses of a pattern-forming system to time-independent spatial periodic forcing. We focus on the 2 : 1 resonance, where the wavenumber of a one-dimensional periodic forcing is about twice the wavenumber of the natural stripe pattern that the unforced system tends to form. Within this resonance...

This paper describes a novel emitter tip having the shape of a nib and based on an open structure for nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nanoESI-MS). The nib structure is fabricated with standard lithography techniques using SU-8, an epoxy-based negative photoresist. The tip is comprised of a reservoir, a capillary slot and a point-like feature, and is fabricated on a silicon wafer...

We present a short atlas illustrating the unusual Ca ii K-line profiles in upper main sequence stars with anomalous abundances. Slopes of the profiles for 10 cool, magnetic chemically peculiar (CP) stars change abruptly at the very core, forming a deep " nib. " The nibs show the same or nearly the same radial velocity as the other atomic lines. The near wings are generally more shallow than in ...

Two front instabilities in a reaction-diiusion system are shown to lead to the formation of complex patterns. The rst is an instability to transverse modulations that drives the formation of labyrinthine patterns. The second is a Nonequilibrium Ising-Bloch (NIB) bifurcation that renders a stationary planar front unstable and gives rise to a pair of counterpropagating fronts. Near the NIB bifurc...

صخلملا Seasonal variation of zooplankton biomass has been carried out at two selected sites on Greater Zab River. Monthly samples of water were collected during period from January to December 2008. Some physico-chemical properties of water were studied including water temperature (from 8 to 30.5 C), hydrogen ion concentration (from 6.3 to 8), EC (from 255 to 821 μs.cm), turbidity (1085 NTU), d...