Oxidant stress-induced activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) plays a role in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. We have now investigated the role of PARP in the process of cardiac remodeling and heart failure in a mouse model of heart failure induced by transverse aortic constriction (banding). The catalytic activity of PARP was inhibited by the potent isoindolinone...

BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury after lung transplantation causes alveolar damage, lung edema, and acute rejection. Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a single-stranded DNA repair enzyme that induces apoptosis and necrosis after DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species. We evaluated tissue protective effects of the PARP inhibitor (PARP-i) PJ34 against pulmo...

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a pivotal role in regulating genome stability, cell cycle progression, and cell survival. However, overactivation of PARP has been shown to contribute to cell death and organ failure in various stress-related disease conditions. In this study, we examined the role of PARP in the development and progression of cardiac hypertrophy. We measured the expr...

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a nuclear enzyme which has been shown to play a role in the differentiation of haematopoietic cells. We report here that neutrophils are the first nucleated mammalian cell type demonstrated to be devoid of immunoreactive PARP. Both NB4 acute promyelocytic leukaemia and HL-60 (acute myelocytic leukaemia) cells were differentiated into non-malignant neutrophi...

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1, a detector of single-strand breaks, plays a key role in the cellular response to DNA damage. PARP-1-deficient mice are hypersensitive to genotoxic agents and display genomic instability due to a DNA repair defect in the base excision repair pathway. A previous report suggested that PARP-1-deficient mice also had a severe telomeric dysfunction consisting of ...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with microvascular dysfunction. We hypothesized that increased poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) activity contributes to microvascular dysfunction in T2DM. T2DM (db(-)/db(-)) and nondiabetic control (db(-)/db(+)) mice were treated with 2 different PARP-1 inhibitors (INO-1001, 5 mg/kg per day and ABT-888, 15 mg/kg per day) for 2 weeks. Isolated ...

Vitamin D is well characterized for its role in mineral homeostasis and maintenance of normal skeletal architecture. Vitamin D has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of disease states including diabetes, arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. In these diseases poly[adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose] polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have also proved effective as an...

Multifactorial mechanisms comprising countless cellular factors and virus-encoded transactivators regulate the transcription of HIV-1 (HIV). Since poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) regulates numerous genes through its interaction with various transcription factors, inhibition of PARP-1 has surfaced recently as a powerful anti-inflammatory tool. We suggest a novel tactic to diminish HIV rep...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibronectin (FN) in rat mesangial cells (RMCs). METHODS Followed by serum starvation for 16 h, RMCs were exposed to Ang II for an indicated time to examine the protein expression of PARP-1. The cells were treated with or without Ang II...