This paper aims to provide a review of the analytical extraction techniques for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soils. The extraction technologies described here include Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic and mechanical agitation, accelerated solvent extraction, supercritical and subcritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, solid phase extraction and microextraction, ther...

The ability of a solute (inorganic or organic) to distribute itself between an aqueous solution and an immiscible organic solvent has long been applied to separation and purification of solutes either by extraction into the organic phase, leaving undesirable substances in the aqueous phase; or by extraction of the undesirable substances into the organic phase, leaving the desirable solute in th...

Supercritical fluids extraction of emulsions (SEE) is an innovative technique used for the production of micro, nano-particles with controlled size and distribution. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) is used to extract selectively the organic solvents from the droplets of the emulsion, in which the biopolymer is dissolved, producing the precipitation of the polymer and the subsequent format...

In present study, a DLLME-HPLC-UV method was developed and validated for the extraction, pre–concentration, and subsequently quantification of vitamin D3 (Vit D3) in milk and yogurt samples. In order to be able to extract Vit D3 from studied samples efficiently, the DLLME procedure was optimized with respect to the parameters affecting the extraction efficacy, w...

Gloriosa superba is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases. The tuber of Gloriosa superba is a rich source of colchicine which is used for the treatment of gout, cirrhosis and also used in plant breeding studies to produce polyploidy. Optimization of various extraction parameters using response surface methodology (RSM) was performed to assess maxim...

A sensitive determination method was developed for the analysis of pyrethroid pesticide residues in tomato samples using ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. A hydrophobic ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) and acetonitrile were used as the extraction solvent and dispersive solvent, respectively. The following experimental parameters affecting...

the purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize nimodipine loaded microspheres using ethyl cellulose (ec) as a carrier polymer through an emulsion solvent evaporation method. these evaluations characterized the pattern of drug release from prepared microspheres. nimodipin loaded microspheres were prepared using an emulsification solvent evaporation method. the effect of process variab...

A comparative study of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and hydro-distillation was performed for fast extraction of estragole from tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) dried leaves. Several influential parameters of the UAE procedure in the extraction of estragole (type of solvent, extraction cycles, solvent to material ratio, irradiation time and particle size) were investigated an...

The effects of different solvents, temperature conditions, solvent-solid ratios and particle sizes on solid-solvent extraction of the total phenolics, proanthocyanidins and flavonoids herein also referred to as antioxidant from pomegranate marc peel (PMP) was studied. Water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate extraction efficiencies at extraction times of 0.17 to 10 min, extraction t...